What Is Eustress and How Is It Useful for People Essay Example

What Is Eustress and How Is It Useful for People? Paper Eustress is a sort of positive pressure that previously utilized and characterized by Selye (1987) as the vague reaction of the body to any request set upon it. (p. 17). Eustress has numerous favorable circumstances for individuals from three perspective, incorporate improve individuals physical wellbeing, carry energy and thought process capacity to individuals and help individuals to lessen other sort of stress. Right off the bat, eustress is existed so as to upgrade individuals physical wellbeing and prosperity. To recognize eustress from the extent of effect on individuals can be isolated into points of interest of present moment and long haul. On the present moment, in spite of the fact that the pressure is cumbersome, eustress still can persuade individuals to keep up the force of pushing ahead with an objective or venture (What Is Eustress, 2012). For instance, individuals intended to partake in sports exercises, for example, strolling, running, or working out in a rec center places some level of weight on the body. Eustress causes the arrival of endorphins that assist individuals with securing their physical and passionate wellbeing (What Is Eustress, 2012). This is the most straightforwardly reflects of eustress to show the assurance of the people’ wellbeing. Then again, in the long haul, eustress advances passionate equalization, certainty, the sentiment of need and need, and all through the entire existence of the majority of individuals to at last give some level of satisfaction and prosperity (What Is Eustress, 2012). Accordingly, the job of eustress is to limit the chance of numerous people’s mental and physiological sicknesses creating. Furthermore, eustress can carry enthusiasm and thought process forces to individuals make an incredible most. We will compose a custom article test on What Is Eustress and How Is It Useful for People? explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on What Is Eustress and How Is It Useful for People? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on What Is Eustress and How Is It Useful for People? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer A simple similarity to help make the idea of eustress more clear is to consider truly and feeling preparing. In the event that individuals without eustress, they can't feel energizing and energy. At the point when individuals running more prominent and more noteworthy separations or doing a few activities well, these can push individuals to challenge themselves and in new and requesting ways. What's more, eustress additionally can be shown in individuals enthusiastic, otherworldly and scholarly. For instance, think about marriage with the other individual, who is the affection forever and will have a child, individuals are energized and glad. In spite of the fact that that is somewhat pressure, it despite everything motivates individuals to challenge it with fervor. Along these lines, eustress presumably is a gigantic duty to make individuals need to work or reasonably recognize that it will require to learn and develop in manners. At last, eustress is gainful for individuals to decrease other sort of negative pressure. Individuals need to streamline their pressure fundamentally on the grounds that eustress is a perfect degree of stress that can achieve the things individuals need to accomplish (Janata, 2008). For instance, when understudies take in the most pressure originates from their tests or by the errands that they are approached to perform. They put the vast majority of the accentuation put these on, in this way their feeling of anxiety is high and their presentation isn't ideal in any way. Be that as it may, if use eustress to associate their future execution and grades, would probably influence and decrease the understudies had a substantial negative pressure. Hence, the eustress of basic center ground really encourages individuals to perform, best case scenario. All in all, eustress is exist and fundamental worry for individuals. It can advance the strength of individuals, can cause individuals to feel great now and again and furnish individuals with positive outcomes. What's more, it is acceptable worry to empower individuals to diminish different classes of weight. References Janata, J. (2008). Can Stress Be Beneficial. Recovered from http://abcnews. go. com/Health/StressOverview/story? id=4668139 Selye, H. (1987). Worry without Distress. Area: Transworld, London. What Is Eustress. (2012). Recovered from http://www. wisegeek. com/what-is-eustress. htm

A Look at Instant Messaging essays

A Look at Instant Messaging papers Texting, or IM for short, is a method of conveying by means of composing on a PC, remote telephone, or other Internet machine or gadget. Utilizing something many refer to as nearness, which is the ability to make the client aware of at whatever point someone on their private rundown is on the web, the client can make a private visit live with another individual and trade messages over the web or system. IM contrasts from a visit room by having the discussion between just two individuals, as opposed to a few people. Other than simply sending messages to different clients, most texting administrations likewise permit clients to make chatrooms and move records, just as permitting webcams and spilling content, for example, stocks and news refreshes. Preceding 1996, correspondence was a moderate and intentional procedure, considering one's decisions were restricted to phones, letters, and up close and personal contact. Indeed, even E-mail required a long time to send and get answers and was unreasonably delayed for a few. Sending conversation online was starting to bloom in the mid-nineties with the presentation of online notice and conversation sheets. Texting allows you to interface with a wide range of individuals. You can send messages to anybody on your rundown, and it additionally allows you to meet new individuals. (Tyson, J) Before the Internet got famous, many individuals were at that point online using announcement sheets and online administrations. A release board is practically identical to a solitary, separated Web website that you arrive at utilizing exceptional interchanges programming and a modem. You make a section in the product for the release board that contains the board's immediate telephone number and any extraordinary boundaries for associating with the PC facilitating the notice board. When associated with the board, you ordinarily utilize a progression of menus to explore through the board's substance. To arrive at another board, you need to detach from the main barricade and dial to the next one. (Tyson, J pg 1). Online s... <!

Paintings in art history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Artistic creations in workmanship history - Essay Example Fifteenth-century craftsman Sandro Botticelli is noted for his melodious, streaming style, regularly enlivening and demonstrating a specific tastefulness. The Florentine Renaissance turned into a clique of magnificence, love and delight of the faculties, and Botticelli in both The Birth of Venus and Spring (Primavera) mirrored this sensitive and sentimental Renaissance style, with Venus ascending from the ocean on an open shell, unclothed however coy, and later dressed at her crowning liturgy. Since these two artworks are various sizes, it was figured they didn't have a place together, however further investigation demonstrates enough likenesses to make them a set (â€Å"Analysis;† â€Å"Allegory†) At a period in Italian history when Florentine craftsmen were fascinated of folklore, Botticelli caught the quintessence of the legend. The components in any sythesis are line, shape, shading, design, esteem, structure, surface, space. Those explicitly ascribed to the Sistine Chapel are 1) lines †bearing of lines drives eye to explicit region of painting; 2) shape †stature and width of shape makes a fantasy on the roof boards; 3) space †the relationship of positive and negative space influences effect and solidarity; 4) shading †splendid, dull, intenseâ€implies surface through shading, line, concealing, redundancy and example. Michelangelo started painting the Sistine Chapel in 1508 and finished it in 1512, practically without any help. The four principle components that characterize the vaulted roof of the Chapel are, as noted, line, shape, shading, and example. The roof is painted in boards, with circles., squares, and triangles surrounding the various boards. Hues, splendid and dim, lead the eye to the concentration in each board. The procedure is fresco. There are nine focal boards representing and deciphering stories from Genesis in a particular example (Michelangelo). Albrecht Drer Albrecht Drer was a painter and etcher who was most popular for his woodcuts and prints. His carving work was careful with uncommon spotlight on shading in his canvases. He was affected by Leonardo da Vinci's investigations of the human figure and applied Leonardo's extents to his own figures. Completed structure and extravagance of origination, just as point of view and extent are qualities of his work alongside shading and vitality (Ponich). Rembrandt Rembrandt van Rijin is noted for his transfiguration of experience into workmanship. It is his inward feelings as spoke to in his specialty that makes him novel. He was exceptionally affected by Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael and Titan in their delineation of the human structure, however he is a multi-faceted craftsman, exceeding expectations as a painter and a roused visual craftsman and etcher. He painted, drew and scratched pictures, scenes, figures, and creatures, yet over all scenes of scriptural and mainstream history and folklore. Albeit likewise known for his self-pictures, his most popular works demonstrate his capacity to extend his topic. One of his most popular artistic creations is classified Night Watch in spite of the fact that it has since been seen as a daytime scene. His craft represents an entire time of craftsmanship history legitimately known as Holland's Golden Age (Rembrandt). Sentimentalism Sentimentalism (1800-1850) not at all like its inverse, elegance, has a narrating, epic quality that stretches out to music, painting, and writing. Richard Wagner's music brings out sentiments of influence and fear, with its accentuation on feeling and extraordinary opportunity of structure. It was his mean to offer a total union of expressions of the human experience in his music. As indicated by Alfred Einstein in Music in the Romantic Era, A History of Musical Thought in the nineteenth Century (New York, 1947), [Wagner] was the first to

SALAT

Petition has consistently been an indispensable piece of Islamic confidence and is concurred a focal spot in the strict practices. Salat is the ritualized type of supplication spread out and systematized in the Quran. In spite of the fact that Islam has formalized numerous practices in detail, salat has not been classified in detail in the Quran. The acts of Prophet Muhammed filled in as deserving of copying and has been continued into the strict practice as oral reports called hadiths. In the beginning periods Islam and its customs were in a condition of steady change and henceforth researchers and law specialists burned through impressive energy in explaining the strict acts of Muslims. The Quran places extraordinary accentuation on petition and the petition discovers articulation in different structures like request, recognition, atonement, glorification, reiteration and custom (p. 8054). Salat is the custom piece of the petition and should be comprehended in this general setting. Staying aware of the split in early Islam and resulting arrangement of Sunni and Shia factions, salat has joined the impacts of these groups. Supplication is of such a principal significance to the confidence, it is likewise remembered for the Islamic statute and salat is one of the Five Pillars of Islam as characterized in Islamic law ‘Shariah’. Salat can either be compulsory or deliberate. It is deliberate when one has arrived at the time of reason and compulsory when one has arrived at adolescence (p. 8055). There are definite and severe determinations for directing salat and Islamic laws depict them in detail. Despite the fact that people played out the supplications together in Muhammad’s time, the later hadiths have rejected or seriously restricted nearness of ladies in the collective salat acted in the mosques. Islam stresses common supplication and thus the mosque shapes the focal locus for salat. It is allowed to direct salat in the city or somewhere else, if no mosque is accessible. In the beginning of Islam salat was performed multiple times in a day, yet later hadiths took reference to Muhammad’s night venture and expanded the quantity of obligatory salats to five out of a day. Muslims are called to petition by muezzin fifteen minutes before the salat time and the muezzin gets out by commending God and his errand person Muhammad. Before the salat starts the adherents of the confidence should make themselves clean for the custom by purifying themselves with water. Shariah indicates both significant contaminations, which require a total shower and minor polluting influences that require bathing at the mosque itself. Aside from the physical virtue, one additionally needs to refine himself intellectually by announcing the expectation to ask. Different ways of thinking contrast on this viewpoint I. e. a few schools state that aim ought to be articulated perceptibly and some state it ought to be quiet. The very demonstration of playing out the salat is really basic and brief. As per Shariah â€Å"each salat comprises of two or four patterns of bowing, called rak’ah† (p. 8057). It likewise indicates that in any event seventeen cycles ought to be finished in a day during the five salats. Salat is performed by a progression of steps joined by determined chants. For instance, salat starts with the spell â€Å"God is great† trailed by certain substantial developments. The Sunnis and Shias have various understandings here too. This is then trailed by praising the wonder of God lastly the adherent performs different activities like requesting pardoning or offers petitions to the God. Salat should be comprehended as an unadulterated custom structure as well as should be situated in the verifiable setting. Salat has assumed a crucial job in fashioning a Muslim character. It has likewise been deciphered as a way to profound experience with God or simply as custom recognition and accommodation to God’s law (p. 8058). For the devotees anyway salat signifies sanitization of psyche and body and association with the God.

What Is a Pell Grant

What Is a Pell Grant SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You may have caught wind of the government Pell Grant and have some thought that it encourages you pay for school. In any case, you probably won't know the subtleties, similar to the amount you can get, regardless of whether you qualify, and how to apply. In case you're searching for data budgetary guide, you should find out about the Pell Grant. This yearly honor is given by the government to understudies who need assistance paying for school - in the event that you meet all qualification rules, you're ensured to get the cash. Sounds like a lot! In this guide,we'll cover the fundamental information about what a Pell Grant is, including: The historical backdrop of the Pell Grant Grant sums What you can utilize Pell Grant cash for Qualification prerequisites Ascertaining your assessed grant sum Step by step instructions to apply for a Pell Grant We'll clarify each of these in more detail in discrete aides that we'll connect to, however this will give you an extraordinary review of how Pell Grants work. History of the Pell Grant It wasn't constantly conceivable to get government budgetary aid;there weren't numerous alternatives for understudies who required assistance paying for school outside of grants and private credits. This didn't present a lot of an issue for understudies who originated from wealthier families, yet the expense of advanced education would in general forestall low-and center pay understudies from going to school. During Lyndon B. Johnson's administration, Congress passed the Higher Education Act of 1965, or the HEA. The HEA program gave governmentally supported budgetary guide, as awards and credits, to understudies who required assistance paying for school or professional school. Government officials contemplated that oneway to guarantee better instructive open doors forcitizens was to moderate budgetary weights; for what reason should inspired understudies be kept from seeking after a training, if the main thing keeping them down was cost? In 1972, Senator Claiborne Pell attempted to extend and change the HEA.Eligibility necessities for government awards (in the past called Basic Educational Opportunity awards) were made progressively comprehensive in 1978, and were renamed to pay tribute to Senator Pell. Pell Grants have become a significant money related guide establishment for some understudies over the US. The principal year that awards were granted, there were 176,000 beneficiaries; for the 2013-2014 scholastic year, over 8.5 million understudies got very nearly 23 BILLIONdollars in Pell Grant cash, with a normal honor measure of about $3,600! You could be one of those 8.5 million, and the Pell Grant sum will most likely assist you with paying for school. Claiborne Pell, government help champion Pell Grant Award Amounts The measure of award cash understudies get depends on a couple of various elements (which we'll address in a moment). For the 2015-2016 scholastic year, the most extreme Pell grant is $5,775; the sum you'll get in case you're qualified will rely upon monetary need, and might be not as much as that. You can become familiar with Pell Grant least/greatest honors here. What Does the Pell Grant Pay For? Since the Pell Grant is implied explicitly to assist understudies with paying for school, it must be utilized for school-related costs (this doesn't come as an amazement, I'm certain). These costs can incorporate educational cost, room, board, and school charges, however they can likewise incorporate course books, supplies, transportation, and even food. Indeed, the central government might subsidize late-night study fuel as oily pizza as well as caffeinated drinks. Computer games, not really. You might not need to stress over dealing with your Pell Grant cash, however. As a rule, it will go straightforwardly to your school, and will be applied to proper charges - undoubtedly the huge ones like educational cost, room, and board costs. You can get more data about Pell Grant confines here. As energizing as it might be to pay for your own course readings, wouldn't it be incredible on the off chance that you didn't need to? Qualification Requirements Since the Pell Grant is a type of government help, you have to meet every administrative prerequisite so as to be qualified to get the award. Essentially, you have to have a secondary school recognition or GED, be a resident or US national, and be selected (or acknowledged) in a qualified school. You can peruse progressively about the points of interest of Pell qualification necessities here. The Pell Grant is implied primarilyfor low-pay understudies who don't as of now have a post-optional degree (along these lines, a single guy's or professional degree). Money related need is determined by producing something many refer to as an Expected Family Contribution, or EFC; to get the Pell for the 2015-2016 scholarly year, your EFC should be at or underneath $5081.Don't know what an EFC is? Try not to stress - it's completely clarified in the following area. The most effective method to Calculate Your Estimated Award Amount It's conceivable to figure the amount Pell Grant cash you're probably going to get before you even apply for government help. All you need is your family's budgetary data - you can get this from late government forms - notwithstanding data about your family unit size, family resources, and number of other relatives in school. Go to this connection, click onFAFSA4caster, and follow the prompts. The yield will incorporate Pell Grant gauges, notwithstanding other government help program gauges. Get more data about figuring your honor by looking at our Pell Grant Calculator control. Examining family funds can appear to be overpowering, yet I guarantee that ascertaining money related guide qualification isn't this convoluted. Step by step instructions to Apply for a Pell Grant There's no particular or committed application for the Pell Grant; you're naturally viewed as when you present your Free Application for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA.The FAFSA is absolutely allowed to submit (as you may have speculated). Regardless of whether you don't think you'll get Pell Grant cash, you don't have anything to lose by presenting a FAFSA. You can present a FAFSA online here, or you can get a paper application from your school's direction office. The application shouldn't take in excess of a couple of hours, however getting ready to round out the application (for instance, assembling all the vital administrative work and setting a course of events) can be befuddling without a strategy. Get bit by bit guidelines for presenting your FAFSA here What's Next? There are different chances to get help paying for school outside of government budgetary guide. Did you realize that you can get grants dependent on your SAT scores? Get familiar with getting top grades here. Legitimacy based grants can likewise close the hole between what you owe and what you need. Doing admirably in school can get you access to those grants. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4 points?We've composed a guide for each test about the best 5 systems you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

The Gifts of a Car Accident

The Gifts of a Car Accident Ignoring Messages A couple of weeks ago, three friends asked me for life coaching one after the other. It was an unusual string of requests, coming years after I completed my life coach training; and it made me think that maybe I should consider taking on a couple of life coaching clients to insert variety and heart-centered work into my business. I coached the friends who asked; the coaching gave them clarity and inspiration. I was left energized and clear that I was making a contribution not only to them, but to the many people that they touch. I was in my element. Yet I didn’t take any further action. Wake-Up Call If you read my newsletter last week, you know that I was in a car accident on April 28. I was traveling home from a weekend about Purposeful Living and Spiritual Development â€" part of a year-long training where I get to immerse myself in the world of coaching and transformation. Driving on I90 from Chicago to Madison, I must have missed a signal that my lane was going to end. To avoid hitting a car to my right, I braked (hard I imagine), spun around and crashed into the dividing wall of the highway at a speed unknown to me. I did not hit any other cars. It was all very movie-like, with the EMTs coming and taking me out of the car onto a stretcher. Fortunately, the only casualties were a couple of my ribs (broken through) and a totaled car. I was able to go home that night from the hospital. It is clear to me that things could have been much much worse. Ever since, I have been reflecting deeply on the gifts of the “accident.” First, noticing how blessed I am to have emerged with relatively minor injuries. Second, acknowledging the difference I make for others. And third, tapping into the gift of ribs: creation/creativity (Adam’s rib) and expansion (breath). My broken ribs, the casualties of a moment of inattention, indicate to me that I have not been truly listening to some messages calling me to expand in new and creative ways. New Action, New Creation Remember all those messages coming to me about doing life coaching? It’s time to pay attention. I am a highly trained coach. I have gone through 5 weekends of training with the Coaches Training Institute and assisted at all of those weekends as well. I’ve participated in courses with Landmark Education for 7 years, including The Landmark Forum, The Advanced Course, The Self-Expression and Leadership Program, the Introduction Leaders Program, and multiple seminar series. I have started a business and participated in business coaching for the past two years, and I write resumes for top level executives. I have spent my last 7 years preparing for this moment when I step up to the plate to do life coaching for real. The accident made that very clear, and I am grateful. I was also inspired to write some short couplets to a song/rap structure provided during my Purposeful Living weekend. I’ve copied them here and hope they inspire you to live into your creativity too! Note: “CHOOSE it” means choose between living powerfully and being a victim. “SHARE it” means share with as many people as possible! When a universal call Sends you crashing through a wall, …then you gotta CHOOSE it… …then you gotta CHOOSE it… When youre feeling pain and fright That keep you up at night, …then you gotta CHOOSE it… …then you gotta CHOOSE it… When youre at a loss for words, Take a listen to the birds. …then you gotta SHARE it… …then you gotta SHARE it… When the morning comes about, Just breathe in and then breathe out. …then you gotta SHARE it… …then you gotta SHARE it… You dont know what you dont know. So create, expand and grow! …then you gotta SHARE it… …then you gotta SHARE it… What couplets might you write to this song? What signals in your life have you been noticing and then ignoring? Are there actions for you to take? Please share in the comments. And of course if you’re seeking a life coach, please contact me. Short-term or long-term clients are welcome. I’m ready.

Development Personality Theories Comparison And Contrasting - 550 Words

Development Personality Theories: Comparison And Contrasting (Essay Sample) Content: PERSONALITY THEORIES Student’s Name: Institution: Date: Personality refers to the traits or a mix of the traits that make a person as unique. Some of these traits can arise from nature or nurture or both. Personality theories aim at explaining how the different personalities arise. Comparison of the theories Freud and Tripartite theories are learned. Freud and Tripartite theories believe that the instinctual drives happen at an early age and determine a person’s personality in the long run. Alongside Freud and Tripartite theories, there is an agreement from the other theories such as Trait, Eysenck, Cattell, and Allport that beyond the biological background, the environment has a role in shaping the personality of an individual (Allen, 2015). Contrasting of the theories The Freud and Tripartite theories feel that personality develops from interacting with the environment while the Eysenck’s, Catell’s and Allport observes that the personality emanates from the genetical differences within individuals (Allen, 2015). Liking of the theories The theories can predict some factors that affect human personality Dislike of the theories The theories only deal with some factors. However, there are so many factors that are not captured that determine personality. Analyzing a celebrity’s personality using one of the theories Tripartite theory- the theory looks at personality from three dimensions. i.e. The identity, the ego, and the superego. For a great Catholic priest, this is how his personality would have progressed. At the identity dimension whatever his heart fo...

A Quick Biography of Founding Father Thomas Jefferson

Jefferson grew up in Virginia and was raised with the orphaned children of his fathers friend, William Randolph. He was educated from ages 9-14 by a clergyman named William Douglas from whom he learned Greek, Latin, and French. He then attended Reverend James Maurys School before attending the College of William and Mary. He studied law with George Wythe, the first American law professor. He was admitted to the bar in 1767. Family Ties: Jefferson was the son of  Colonel Peter Jefferson, a planter and public official, and Jane Randolph. His father died when Thomas was 14.  Together they had six sisters and one brother. On  January 1, 1772 he married  Martha Wayles Skelton. However, she  died after ten years of marriage.  Together they had two daughters: Martha Patsy and Mary Polly. There is also speculation about the progeny of several children by the slave Sally Hemings. Early Career: Jefferson served in the House of Burgesses (1769-74). He argued against Britains actions and was part of the Committee of Correspondence. He was a member of the Continental Congress (1775-6) and then became a member of the Virginia House of Delegates (1776-9). He was the Governor of Va. during part of the Revolutionary War (1779-81).  He was sent to France as a minister after the war (1785-89). Events Leading to the Presidency: President Washington appointed Jefferson to be the first Secretary of State. He clashed with Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of the Treasury, on how the US should deal with France and Britain. Hamilton also desired a stronger federal government than Jefferson. Jefferson eventually resigned because he saw that Washington was more strongly influenced by Hamilton than him. Jefferson later served as Vice President under John Adams from 1797-1801. Nomination and Election of 1800: In 1800, Jefferson was the Republican candidate with Aaron Burr as his Vice President. He ran in a very contentious campaign against John Adams under whom he had served as Vice President. The Federalists used the Alien and Sedition Acts to their benefit. These had been vigorously opposed by Jefferson and Madison who had argued they were unconstitutional (Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions). Jefferson and Burr tied in the electoral vote which set up an electoral controversy described below. Electoral Controversy: Even though it was known that Jefferson was running for President and Burr for Vice President, in the election of 1800, whoever received the most votes would be elected as president. There was no provision that made it clear who was running for which office. Burr refused to concede, and the vote went to the House of Representatives. Each state cast one vote; it took 36 ballots to decide. Jefferson won carrying 10 out of 14 states. This led directly to the passage of the 12th Amendment which corrected this problem. Reelection - 1804: Jefferson was renominated by caucus in 1804 with George Clinton as his Vice President. He ran against Charles Pinckney from South Carolina. During the campaign, Jefferson easily won. The federalists were divided with radical elements leading to the partys downfall. Jefferson received 162 electoral votes vs. Pinckneys 14. Events and Accomplishments of Thomas Jeffersons Presidency: The uneventful transfer of power between Federalist John Adams and Republican Thomas Jefferson was a significant event in American History. Jefferson spent time dealing with the federalist agenda with which he did not agree. He allowed the Alien and Sedition Acts to end without renewal. He had the tax on liquor that caused the Whiskey Rebellion repealed. This reduced government revenue leading Jefferson to cut costs by reducing the military, relying instead on state militias. An important early event during Jeffersons administration was the court case, Marbury v. Madison, which set up the Supreme Courts power to rule federal acts unconstitutional. America engaged in a war with the Barbary States during his time in office (1801-05). The US had been paying tribute to pirates from this area to stop attacks on American ships. When the pirates asked for more money, Jefferson refused leading Tripoli to declare war. This ended in success for the US who was no longer required to pay tribute to Tripoli. However, America did continue to pay to the rest of the Barbary States. In 1803, Jefferson purchased the Louisiana territory from France for $15 million. This is considered the most important act of his administration. He sent Lewis and Clark on their famous expedition to explore the new territory. In 1807, Jefferson ended the foreign slave trade beginning January 1, 1808. He also established the precedent of Executive Privilege as explained above. At the end of his second term, France and Britain were at war, and American trade ships were often targeted. When the British boarded the American frigate, Chesapeake, they forced (impressed) three soldiers to work on their vessel and killed one for treason. Jefferson signed the Embargo Act of 1807 in response. This stopped America from exporting and importing foreign goods. Jefferson thought this would have the effect of hurting the trade in France and Great Britain. However, it had the opposite effect, hurting American trade. Post Presidential Period: Jefferson retired after his second term as president and did not reenter public life again. He spent time at Monticello. He was deeply in debt and in 1815 sold his library to form the Library of Congress and to help get him out of debt. He spent a lot of his time in retirement designing the University of Virginia. He died on the fiftieth anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1826. Ironically, this was the same day as John Adams. Historical Significance: Jeffersons election began the fall of federalism and the Federalist Party. When Jefferson took over the office from Federalist John Adams, the transfer of power occurred in an orderly manner which was an extremely rare event. Jefferson took his role as party leader very seriously. His greatest achievement was the Louisiana Purchase which more than doubled the size of the US. He also established the principle of executive privilege by refusing to testify during the Aaron Burr treason trial.

Essay about Slavery in Greece and Rome - 2574 Words

Slavery in Greece and Rome The issue of slavery has been debated since its early inception. In recent times, there has been considerable debate as to the definition of slavery. Western scholars have attempted to justify slavery of the New World by comparing it to the slavery that existed in Biblical times as well as Greco-Roman and African slavery. Some argue that there can be no international definition of slavery. Others try to define by a few words that apply to every instance of slavery. The only true way to define slavery is according to each society in which it was based. Websters dictionary defines slavery submission to a dominating influence or the state of a person who is a chattel of another. Though Websters gives this†¦show more content†¦Piracy was also restricted later when the piratical Illyrians were defeated at the conclusion at the battle of Actium in 31 BC. Another source of slaves was purchase from over the boundaries of the empire. Roman soldiers involved in frontier wars and rebel lions had many opportunities to buy prisoners of war as slaves at disposal auctions. Although this is not mentioned in the contemporary literature, this information can be found in papyrus, which reveals that soldiers did indeed own slaves. There were other ways by which slaves were obtained. The sale of offspring by parents was one of the ways that slaves were obtained. This occurred particularly in hard times when parents attempted to ease their burden. There is evidence that this practice did take place during the first centuries of the empire. However, the practice is unlikely to have been widespread. There are even accounts of how the Frisians in Lower Germany, being subjected to an excessive tribute by the Romans, were forced eventually to sell their wives and children into slavery. This too however, would have been unusual. In general it is unlikely that even the most impoverished parents, once they had initially resolved to bring up a baby, would sell that baby into servitud e - unless there was some very special provocation. A few other methods of enslavement should also be mentioned. The first was self-sale. Hermeros, for example,Show MoreRelatedSlavery in Ancient Greece and Rome Essay1104 Words   |  5 Pages Slavery was the practice of taking a human being and making them do the work of another by force. This was practiced through out the ancient world and especially in Rome and Greece. Slaves were nothing more than just property to the ancient peoples. They didnt have the rights of citizens nor were they able to do what they want in most cases. Slaves had many tasks that they had to do, many of which included taking care of the masters house and kids, cooking and cleaning that house, herding the cattleRead MoreClassical Societies : China, Athens, And Rome Essay876 Words   |  4 PagesClassical Societies: China, Athens, and Rome: Review of Social, Economic, Political, and Cultural Situations The three areas of classical civilizations developed their cultural beliefs, lifestyles, political institutions, and social structures. However, there were significant similarities among them. Patriarchal values thrived in these civilizations. The male dominated family structure with loyalty and obedience heavily stressed in China s homes. 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The mountain isolated Greeks from one another, causing different Greek communities to develop their own ways of life. The sea also influenced the evolution of Greek societyRead MoreHow Strongly Ancient Societies Affected The Formation Of Today s Society1434 Words   |  6 Pagesbasically originating from civilisations of Ancient Antiquity such as Greece and Rome. The civilized culture is dated back to ancient Greeks and Romans. Their contribution to philosophy, literature and politics has undeniably helped to form notions of modern Western cultures. This is because, assorted essential features in the life of Ancient Greeks and Romans which will be broadly analyzed, such as culture, society, trade, politics and slaver y signified their civilizations’ importance. Furthermore, in theseRead MoreHomosexuality in Ancient Greece and Rome Essay example1353 Words   |  6 PagesHomosexuality in ancient Greece and Rome Americans endlessly recycle the old conflicts: first we fought about slavery, then segregation, then gender, and now sexual orientation-(Anon). Homosexuality is an on-going conflict in America, as well as other countries. The history of homosexuality goes back to the ancient civilizations. As we have different ideas and ways of dealing with it, so did the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome. Ancient Greece is considered as beingRead MoreThe Roman And The Punic Wars1151 Words   |  5 Pages1. Long Essay The ancient Rome Empire raises their empire by coquetting many lands by fighting and coquetting them. One on the things that made Rome special was their expansion of the territory. What was different of other empires is, when they conquer a foreign land, they let them keep their traditions and their own culture. Instead of teaching them religion and make them be a Roman, they made them swear fealty to Rome. Roma wanted to spread their territory and their trading zone. One example ofRead MoreClassical Influences On Modern Films And Literature1171 Words   |  5 PagesVuong Khuat Classical influences on modern films and literature Classical Greece and Rome were ancient civilizations that existed 2500 years ago, and are regarded by numerous scholars as the foundation of humanities in various fields. In popular culture, Ancient Greece and Rome are portrayed substantially in books and movies; however, not many people are aware of how they also shape our thoughts, ideals, and motivations. Through an analysis of classical elements often portrayed in popularRead MoreThe Religious And Social Differences Between Ancient Greece And Rome Essay1423 Words   |  6 PagesThe Religious and Social Differences between Ancient Greece and Rome In modern day, everyone tends to think of the Roman gods when they think of Greece, or when they think of the ancient gods in general. Juno versus Hera, Jupiter versus Zeus, and Mars versus Ares are some examples of their different and separate deities; not just their names, but their personalities as well. There are many differences between the two religions, as well as differences between each culture’s social standings. NotRead MoreThe Greeks Were Deeply Religious People1434 Words   |  6 Pagesmystical legend of Romulus and Remus is how they got the name of their land as Rome. â€Å"There were more superstitious rituals practiced by the Romans than by the Greeks, such as examining the internal organs of birds and other creatures for good and bad omens.† ( Alchin) The Romans had a practical attitude to religion, which explains why they had difficulty in taking to the idea of a single, all powerful, all-seeing God. Greece divided their social systems into five different categories: Upper class, Middle

Insects - Insecta - The Animal Encyclopedia

Insects (Insecta) are the most diverse of all animal groups. There are more species of insects than there are species of all other animals combined. Their numbers are nothing short of remarkable — both in terms of how many individual insects there are, as well as how many species of insects there are. In fact, there are so many insects that no one knows quite how to count them all — the best we can do is make estimates. Scientists approximate that there may be as many as 30 million species of insects alive today. To date, over one million have been identified. At any one time, the number of individual insects alive on our planet is staggering — some scientists estimate that for every human alive today there are 200 million insects. The success of insects as a group is also reflected by the diversity of habitats in which they  live. Insects are most numerous in terrestrial environments such as deserts, forests, and grasslands. They are likewise numerous in freshwater habitats such as ponds, lakes, streams, and wetlands. Insects are relatively scarce in marine habitats but are more common in brackish waters such as salt marshes and mangroves. Key Characteristics The  key characteristics of insects include: Three main body partsThree pairs of legsTwo pairs of wingsCompounds eyesMetamorphosisComplex mouth partsOne pair of antennaeSmall body size Classification Insects are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Invertebrates Arthropods Hexapods Insects Insects are divided into the following taxonomic groups: Angel insects (Zoraptera) - There are about 30 species of angel insects alive today. Members of this group are small, hemimetabolous insects, which means they undergo a form of development that includes three stages (egg, nymph, and adult) but lacks a pupal stage. Angel insects are small and are most often found living under the bark of trees or in rotting wood.Barklice and booklice (Psocoptera) - There are about 3,200 species of barklice and booklice alive today. Members of this group include granary booklice, booklice, and common barklice. Barklice and booklice live in moist terrestrial habitats such as in leaf litter, under stones, or in the bark of trees.Bees, ants, and their relatives (Hymenoptera) - There are about 103,000 species of bees, ants, and their relatives alive today. Members of this group include bees, wasps, horntails, sawflies, and ants. Sawflies and horntails have a body that is joined by a broad section between their thorax and abdomen. Ants, bees, and wasps have a body that is joined by a narrow section between their thorax and abdomen.Beetles (Coleoptera) - There are more than 300,000 species of beetles alive today. Members of this group have a hard exoskeleton and a pair of rigid wings (called elytra) that serve as protective covers for their larger and more delicate  hind wings. Beetles live in a wide variety of terrestrial and freshwater habitats. They are the most diverse group of insects alive today.Bristletails (Archaeognatha) - There are about 350 species of bristletails alive today. Members of this group do not undergo metamorphosis (immature bristletails resemble smaller versions of adults). Bristletails have a cylindrical body that tapers to a narrow bristle-like tail.Caddisflies (Trichoptera) - There are more than 7,000 species of caddisflies alive today. Members of this group have aquatic larvae that build a protective case in which they live. The case is constructed of silk produced by the larva and also incorporates other materials such as organic debris, leaves, and twigs. Adults are nocturnal and short-lived.Cockroaches (Blattodea) - There are about 4,000 species of cockroaches alive today. Members of this group include cockroaches and waterbugs. Cockroaches are scavengers. They are most abundant in tropical and subtropical habitats although their distribution is worldwide.Crickets and grasshoppers (Orthoptera) - There are more than 20,000 species of crickets and grasshoppers alive today. Members of this group include crickets, grasshoppers, locusts, and katydids. Most are terrestrial herbivores and many species have powerful hind legs that are well-adapted  for jumping.Damselflies and dragonflies (Odonata) - There are more than 5,000 species of damselflies and dragonflies alive today. Members of this group are predators in both the nymph and adult stages of their life cycles (damselflies and dragonflies are hemimetabolous insects and, as such, they lack the pupal stage in their development). Dam selflies and dragonflies are skilled fliers that feed on smaller (and less skilled) flying insects such as mosquitos and gnats.Earwigs (Dermaptera) - There are about 1,800 species of earwigs alive today. Members of this group are nocturnal scavengers and herbivores. The adult form of many species of earwigs  has cerci (the rear-most segment of their abdomen) that are modified into elongated pincers.Fleas (Siphonaptera) - There are about 2,400 species of fleas alive today. Members of this group include cat fleas, dog fleas, human fleas, rabbit fleas, oriental rat fleas, and many others. Fleas are blood-sucking parasites that prey primarily on mammals. A small percentage of flea species prey on birds.Flies (Diptera) - There are about 98,500 species of flies alive today. Members of this group include mosquitos, horse flies, deer flies, house flies, fruit flies, crane flies, midges, robber flies, bot flies, and many others. Although flies have one pair of wings (most flying insects ha ve two pairs of wings), they  are nevertheless highly-skilled  fliers. Flies have the highest wing-beat frequency of any living animal.Mantids (Mantodea) - There are about 1,800 species of mantids alive today. Members of this group have a triangular head, elongated bodies, and raptorial forelegs. Mantids are well-known for the prayer-like posture in which they hold their front legs. Mantids are predatory insects.Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) - There are more than 2,000 species of mayflies alive today. Members of this group are aquatic in the egg, nymph, and naiad (immature) stages of their life. Mayflies lack a pupal stage in their development. Adults have wings that do not fold flat over their back.Moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) - There are more than 112,000 species of moths and butterflies alive today. Moths and butterflies are the second most diverse group of insects alive today. Members of this group include swallowtails, milkweed butterflies, skippers, clothes moths, clearw ing moths, lappet moths, giant silk moths, hawk moths, and many others. Adult moths and butterflies have large wings that are covered with tiny scales. Many species have scales that are colorful and patterned with complex markings.Nerve-Winged Insects (Neuroptera) - There are about 5,500 species of nerve-winged insects alive today. Members of this group include dobsonflies, alderflies, snakeflies, green lacewings, brown lacewings, and antlions. Adult forms of nerve-winged insects have highly-branched venation in their wings. Many species of nerve-winged insects act as predators to agricultural pests, such as aphids and scale insects.Parasitic lice (Phthiraptera) - There are about 5,500 species of parasitic lice alive today. Members of this group include bird lice, body lice, pubic lice, poultry lice, ungulate lice, and mammal chewing lice. Parasitic lice lack wings and live as external parasites on mammals and birds.Rock crawlers (Grylloblattodea) - There are about 25 species of roc k crawlers alive today. Members of this group lack wings as adults and have long antennae, a cylindrical body, and long tail bristles. Rock crawlers are among the least diverse of all insect groups. They live in high-elevation habitats.Scorpionflies (Mecoptera) - There are about 500 species of scorpionflies alive today. Members of this group include common scorpionflies and hanging scorpionflies. Most adult scorpionflies have a long slender head and narrow wings with highly-branched venation.Silverfish (Thysanura) - There are about 370 species of silverfish alive today. Members of this group have a flattened body that is covered with scales, Silverfish are so named for their fish-like appearance. They are wingless insects and have long antennae and cerci.Stoneflies (Plecoptera) - There are about 2,000 species of stoneflies alive today. Members of this group include common stoneflies, winter stoneflies, and spring stoneflies. Stoneflies are so named for the fact that as nymphs, they live beneath stones. Stonefly nymphs require well-oxygenated water to survive and for this reason, are found in  swift-moving streams and rivers. Adults are terrestrial and live at the edges of streams and rivers where they feed on algae and lichens.Stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea) - There are about 2,500 species of stick and leaf insects alive today. Members of this group are best known for the fact that they mimic the appearance of sticks, leaves, or twigs. Some species of stick and leaf insects are capable of changing color in response to alterations in light, humidity, or temperature.Termites (Isoptera) - There are about 2,300 species of termites alive today. Members of this group include termites, subterranean termites, rotten wood termites, dry wood termites, and damp wood termites. Termites are social insects that live in large communal nests.Thrips (Thysanoptera) - There are more than 4,500 species of thrips alive today. Members of this group include predatory thrips, common thrips, and tube-tailed thrips. Thrips are much maligned as pests and are known to destroy a variety of  grain, vegetable, and fruit crops.True Bugs (Hemiptera) - There are about 50,000 species of bugs alive today. Members of this group include plant bugs, seed bugs, and stink bugs. True bugs  have distinct front wings that, when not in use, lie flat on the insects back.Twisted-wing parasites (Strepsiptera) - There are about 532 species of twisted-wing parasites alive today. Members of this group are internal parasites during the larval and pupal stages of their development. They parasitize a variety of insects including grasshoppers, leafhoppers, bees, wasps, and many others. After pupating, adult male twisted-wing parasites leave their host. Adult females remain within the host and only partially emerge to mate and then return to the host while young develop inside the females abdomen, emerging within the host later.Web-spinners (Embioptera) - There are about 200 specie s of web-spinners alive today. Members of this group are unique among insects in that they have silk glands in their front legs. Web-spinners also have enlarged hind legs that enable them to scurry backward through the tunnels of their underground nests. References Hickman C, Robers L, Keen S, Larson A, IAnson H, Eisenhour D. Integrated Principles of Zoology 14th ed. Boston MA: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 910 p.Meyer, J. General Entomology Resource Library. 2009. Published online at https://projects.ncsu.edu/cals/course/ent425/index.html.Ruppert E, Fox R, Barnes R. Invertebrate  Zoology: A Functional Evolutionary Approach. 7th ed. Belmont CA: Brooks/Cole; 2004. 963 p.

Essay about Queen Elizabeth I The Most Glorious Ruler of...

TShe is doted as one of England’s greatest monarchs, and brought England out of destitution, and into one of its most glorious periods, the Elizabethan Age. Though, she suffered greatly before crowning; throughout her rule as Queen, England was reformed and fortified to be one of the most powerful countries in the known world. Elizabeth was born in the Greenwich Palace on September 7, 1533 to Anne Boleyn and King Henry VIII of England. (Stated on page 1 of Crompton, Samuel Willard. Queen Elizabeth and Englands Golden Age. Chelsea House, 2005. Print.) She was born into the dynasty of the Tudors, a cantankerous royal family. Elizabeth had a cruel and unseemly childhood. Her mother, the second wife of King Henry was found guilty of†¦show more content†¦Before her succession to the throne would be her brother Edward, then Mary and lastly herself. But Edward, with the advice of his councilor, Duke of Northumberland- John Dudley, foolishly selected his cousin, Lady Jane Grey, to be his successor. Given that she was Protestant, like himself, along with disinheriting both his sisters. Her reign was short lived - Mary overthrew her. Hence, Jane became known as the Nine-Day Queen. Thus, in the spring of 1553, the crown of England was passed to Mary. Throughout her sovereignty Mary banned Protestantism from England, and forced her subjects to follow Catholicism, and executed any subject who refused; which would have included Elizabeth. But with her cunning and wits, she pretended to be Catholic, and thwarted mass with forged illnesses. Nonetheless, through the duration of Mary’s reign as Queen, Elizabeth would be rejected from court. When Mary was to marry King Philip of Spain, Thomas Wyatt raised a rebellion; an ominous political scheme to place Elizabeth on the throne. After his and his conspirators were captured, a enormous suspicion was placed on Elizabeth. Though Elizabeth denied any connection to Wyatt; she wouldn’t have known these motives, given that she was not eager to marry. (Found in About Elizabeth I TUDOR (Queen of England). Tudor Place. Web. 21 June 2011. http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/aboutElizabeth.htm.) Regardless ofShow MoreRelatedThe Modern Monarchy of Britain Essay1676 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent. The British Monarchy is composed of a King or Queen and their family, whose heirs inherit the throne when the King or Queen dies. The current Royal family is known as the â€Å"House of Windsor† and was created in 1917 (Whitelock). Before 1917, the British Royal family name was â€Å"Saxe-Coburg-Gotha,† which was derived from the numerous intermarriages between the English and Germans. In the midst of World War I, the relationship between England and Germany came into question, and in a pretentiousRead MoreCompar and Contrast997 Words   |  4 PagesMaterial Compare and Contrast Absolutism and Constitutionalism Matrix By the close of the 17th century, England had developed into a Constitutional Monarchy and France had developed into an Absolutist, centralized form of monarchy. Complete the matrix below to examine why this happened. |Deciding Factors |England Constitutional |France Absolutist | | Read MoreElizabeth I, Monarch Of England, And Marie De L Incarnation Essay1517 Words   |  7 PagesElizabeth I, monarch of England, and Marie de l’Incarnation, a French nun, both invoked God and other forms of religious power to stake their claims to authority. Elizabeth’s role as a queen came at a time when her country was going through political turmoil. Marie’s role as a missionary in New France was to civilize the indigenous people. Although working to better their countries, both of these writers are vastly different due to their social positions. While Elizabeth had the substantial taskRead More The Fictional Character Cleopatra Essay1428 Words   |  6 Pagesfigure more driven in these categories would be hard to find. Yet parallels can be drawn with Queen Elizabeth I of England. Both were ardent, patriotic leaders descended from powerful rulers (in the case of Elizabeth, Henry VIII, and in Cleopatra’s instanc e the Ptolemeic dynasty). Wielding great authority themselves, Cleopatra also used her charms as a courtesan to bend the wills of her political peers. Elizabeth used her unmarried status to manage numerous suitors to her political advantage. Their intelligenceRead MoreIn the context of the years 1485 to 1603 to what extent was the government of England dysfunctional in the mid-Tudor period?3559 Words   |  15 Pageswhat extent was the government of England dysfunctional in the mid-Tudor period? During the Tudor Dynasty it is easily thought that the years between 1547 and 1558 were ones of crisis. With the succession of a child and the first woman within England, people have assumed that the years between Henry VIII and Elizabeth I were an unproductive interlude. The mid Tudor period is seen as negative years within the Tudor Dynasty. It is regarded that Henry VIII and Elizabeth I’s reputations were a factor inRead More Tudor Succession Problems Essays3684 Words   |  15 Pagesperiod is unique in that it is marked by succession difficulties in every generation. The Tudor dynasty was plagued by poor health, short-lives and a shortage of male claimants to the throne. For three successive monarchs the throne passed not from ruler to child, but from sibling to sibling and three consecutive monarchs died childless. Henry VIIIs search for a suitable male heir to his throne had far reaching ramifications. This period is distinctive in that it would start the precedent of d eterminingRead MoreThe Rise And The Fall Of Absolutism2406 Words   |  10 PagesOf all the rulers in Europe that successfully used absolutism to create one of the strongest monarchy would be Louis XIV also known as The Sun King of France. He controlled France’s money and had various ways to get it, as well as keep his power, and he also knew how to delegate jobs to intelligent and loyal people. One of the ruler that was not successful in creating a strong and united monarchy using absolutism was the father and son of the Stuart dynasty who was James I and Charles I. These twoRead MoreAge of Enlightenment and Century5169 Words   |  21 Pagesby Italian Renaissance rulers with that by dictators of the 1930 s. 10. ’98 Discuss how Renaissance ideas are expressed in the Italian art of the period, referring to specific works and artists. 11. ’99 Machiavelli suggested that a ruler should behave both â€Å"like a lion† and â€Å"like a fox†. Analyze the policies of TWO of the following European rulers, indicating the degree to which they successfully followed Machiavelli’s suggestion. Choose two: Elizabeth I of England Henry IV ofRead MoreThe Break With Rome By William Shakespeare4767 Words   |  20 Pagesthem to miscarriages and stillborn. One child did make it though named Mary I and even though there had been no Queen of England so far historian J. Patrick believes that Henry was reluctant to be succeeded by a woman because if she was to succeed him she would not be able to carry on the Tudor name as she would most likely marry and go by her partner’s surname discontinuing the Tudor name. Their had also been no ruling queen yet by daughters accession, which is not something Henry would have ultimatelyRead MoreEssay on Thirty Years War4871 Words   |  20 Pages Thirty Years War Philip, Spanish kings. Philip I (the Handsome), 1478-1506, king of Castile (1506), was the son of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy. He inherited Burgundy and the Low Countries from his mother and was titular joint ruler of Castile with his wife, Joanna. But her father ruled these lands as his regent, so he contested (1504) Ferdinands regency and assumed (1506) joint rule of Castile with his wife. Philips early death, however, and his wifes deteriorating

Parents Support Group Agenda Free Essays

MINUTES OF PSG MEETING 27TH SEPTEMBER At A. P. I. We will write a custom essay sample on Parents Support Group Agenda or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. KINDERGARTEN AGENDA Welcome Barbeque International Day Spare school uniform clothes Road safety for children at Kindergarten Forming of a proper PSG committee Quarterly social event for parents Christmas tree lights- Main Campus The meeting began at 2:30pm. The main item was the planned â€Å"Welcome Barbeque† for everyone new to the A. P. I. S. family. The Barbeque is set for the 14th October, just prior to the end of the first semester. Tim Brackley explained that this was the only available date and apologised for the short lead in time left to parents. However, we will receive a lot of support and assistance from the school and Khun Bua, as this is our first big event. A start time of 3:0pm was agreed with an approximate finish to the day of 6:30pm. The venue will be the main school campus around the pool area and people should bring their swimsuits if they would like to use the school’s swimming pool. It was discussed and agreed, that the food should be available between 4-5 pm. The menu is Kebabs, BBQ Chicken, salad, Som Tum, Sticky rice, fruit and complimentary water. The cost of this was explained as 150bht per adult and 90bht per child less than 12 years of age. No alcohol is permitted on the school campus and therefore it was felt that, everyone should bring their own soft drinks for the day. (I. e. Coke, Fanta, Sprite etc;) It was suggested that teachers living on campus and student boarders could enjoy the BBQ as their evening meal and that cost could be met by the school. To find out the numbers attending, it was decided to send out an invitation from the Parent Support Group to all parents (and guests? asking for a reply by the 10th October. Further information and price would be included in the invitation and parent volunteers for the children’s grades will collect the money. Volunteers to act as â€Å"Grade Representatives† were asked for and a list compiled. Those parents who volunteered to be grade representatives are listed on a separate page for your future reference. To assist these Parent Grade Representatives (PGRâ₠¬â„¢s), it was proposed that, we all wear name badges at the BBQ, to help us get to know each other more easily. This was agreed and each badge would also show the grade of each parent’s child /children. It was agreed this, would help the Grade Representatives, in introducing new parents and students to those of us already part of the APIS family. The Parent Grade Representatives will be the first link of a support system for new parents. This was felt by everyone to be an excellent suggestion. The school has offered to set up equipment for children to play with and there was an offer of live music for the afternoon’s entertainment, which was readily accepted. A proposal that all letters to parents from the PSG should be translated into different languages was discussed at some length. Although, this would be very difficult to do, given the number of different nationalities now represented at the schools two campuses. Two parents volunteered to arrange translations for their language groups. Thai and Korean and our thanks were expressed for their help and support. Mr. Hakjune Kim will arrange translations for our Korean families and Khun Took will do the same for our Thai families. It was pointed out that some parents may be unable to arrange transport up to the main campus for the BBQ and it was suggested we ask for parents to offer any spare seats in their cars for the day. A possible pick up place would be the Kindergarten. This will be mentioned in the newsletter. It was also asked for, that future Newsletters from the PSG include committee members and contact details. This point raised the question for the PSG to formally elect a committee and this matter will be raised at a later meeting. International day – Ms. Holly Gardner came from the main campus to ask parents to begin thinking about the next International Day, which will be in January. School Uniform – Ms. Holly offered the idea of a scheme for passing on items of school uniform, that were in good condition, but which children had outgrown. Parents were asked to consider the ways in which such a scheme could be implemented. This would surely help those parents who operate an eco-friendly recycling program at home to go one step further. Finally and out of position in these minutes, with no apology as this is a very important matter. Road safety at the Kindergarten. Adjan Ladda has addressed this problem in part by arranging for a police officer to monitor and control vehicles stopping and obstructing the road. Everyone present was extremely pleased that, Adjan Ladda done this and gave her full support for her action and a very big thank you from all parents. It was agreed, that all parents can assist with this matter by obeying the police officer’s instructions regarding parking outside the Kindergarten. A short walk from a sensibly parked car was thought by all at the meeting, to be a better way for parents to deliver or collect their children rather than a child being rushed to hospital seriously injured following an accident involving a dangerously parked car. There being no further matters for discussion at this time the meeting came to a close and everyone was thanked for attending and asked to come to a meeting next Wednesday 3rd October at the Kindergarten at 2:30pm to help finalize arrangements for the BBQ. Tim Brackley How to cite Parents Support Group Agenda, Essay examples

Parenting Styles Essay Example For Students

Parenting Styles Essay Parenting Styles Parenting styles are as diverse as parents themselves. Parenting is one of the most challenging and difficult responsibilities a person can face. The way a family is structured is called the parenting style. Parenting styles are collections of parental attitudes, practices, and non-verbal expressions that characterize the nature of parent-child relationships. Because individuals learn how to parent from many different examples including their own parents, role models, society and life experiences. I also never understood when my dad would say, This is going to hurt me a lot worse than it is going to hurt you. Now that I am older I realize those spanking I feared so much where very important in deterring me from continuing the bad behavior.Hopefully one day I will have children of my own. I see myself raising my children very similarly to the way I was raised. I will be strict early on so that they learn first off what is going to be expected of them. I will try to as supportive as possible of their interests. When I was young my dad encouraged me to try different sports and was always supportive of my efforts. I think this is important in developing a childs self confidence. I will plan to use physical punishment as a parent. I think it worked effectively with my brothers and I, and will work with my children as well. The only negatives I can see from physical punishment is that some parents take it to far. There is a definite line between punishment and child abuse that unfortunately some parents cross. This can have detrimental effects on a childs life. With proper use though I believe that physical punishment can be an effective means of punishment and behavior correction. .

Young Blood free essay sample

I am too young. I am too immature. I am just not smart enough. I have heard all these phrases before. When my parents and I relocated to America as political refugees, my parents each found menial, physical labor jobs to support the family. They had no time to take care of a 4 year old, but daycare streched out of our financial range. The solution: send the boy to school early. Arriving in 1st grade, I had only four years on my resume. The only school willing to take me in for free at such a young age was a tiny Jewish elementary school. Specializing in mathematics, as well as religious studies, the school drilled into me countless equations as well as Hebrew prayers. By the end of fifth grade, I had survived the propaganda machine, and looked forward to stepping into a classroom of more than five children. Then, the problems started. We will write a custom essay sample on Young Blood or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Issuing a dire warning, my middle school principal urged my parents to hold me back for a year, proclaiming that I would resist the adjustment to a large school, large classes, and a whole new education system. My mother, after reading about maturity issues and learning disorders in students younger than their age group, sided with the bureaucracy. My liberal father, however, convinced her to leave the choice up to me. Following extensive briefing, my parents asked of my decision. Even in sixth grade, I never backed down from adversity; send me to middle school, I exclaimed defiantly. The principal, for a time, turned out to be correct. I struggled with maturity, battled with classmates, and bothered teachers. Smug, the principal consistently chained me back to reality after each of my frequent incidents. To level out their son’s behavioral problems, my parents often forced me to work extra at school and help out in our local Russian community. Perhaps as a result of my weekly redemption attempts, the gap between me and my classmates began to dwindle. By ninth grade, the divide had shrunk, shriveled, and died. I wanted to catch up to the pack. I caught up. I wanted to gain on the leaders of the grade; I have. I want to excel after high school in anything I do; I know I shall. After all, how can I not. I never developed boundaries, I refuse to make limits for myself, I reject the concept of impossible.

Community service Essays - Civil Society, Free Labor, Volunteerism

Some people believe that unpaid community service should be a compulsory part of high school programs (for example working for a charity, improving the neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children). To what extent do you agree or disagree? I am a totally positive advocator for the idea that high school students should do some volunteering community service as a compulsory part of their regular curriculum. This point of my view is supported by the following reasons. For one, it will be helpful for students to build up a better understanding of the community they live with by practical way and then develop their caring for the society as a whole and the people who live in. therefore they can grow up as a decent citizen with sense of empathy when older. Also, it has been commonly recognized that doing such community services as volunteering teaching or charity work, is method of learning which has been seen as a supplement of the current schooling system. Unlike knowledge education, students will have more physical work to do which has been proved to play a significant role of nurturing their leadership skills and communication skills that will help them to involve in the society in the future after their graduation. On that term, it is no doubt a necessary part of self-development. However, there are some reasonable concerns showed up for this action. Some parents worry that it might led to a conflict with other main subject with the limited time and capability of human study. Meanwhile, it is a challenge for the student to figure out the real meaning behind for doing such unpaid service and then become a waste of time. it definitely have the possibility to occur, somehow if we try to make the considerate arrangement and do some guided instruction ahead, these predicted problem can be fixed in a good way. No doubts, to make the revolution happen in a positive way need our educators to put extra effort. Somehow it is definitely worth to try for the brighter outlook for the world. All in all, it is time to give a brace to the pioneer educational attempt.

Critique on the Hunchback of n essays

Critique on the Hunchback of n essays Like many, my only exposure to the Hunchback has been through TV caricatures and the Disney bastardization. Forever distrustful of the Mouse Ears, I didnt know what to expect reading the real deal. Hugo is an awesome storyteller. While perhaps he could be guilty of rambling on at several points, his descriptions of 15th century Paris are vivid. His writing is very intriguing, he always struck my curiosity. I found myself empathizing with the pitiable situations of the Hunchback and his beauty, and even with the bad guy pathetic as he was. I also found myself thinking If only THIS had happened!!!! that is the fingerprint of a good book. But Hugos strongest aspect is his amazing characters. Claude Frollo is holy enough to take care of an abandoned and deformed child, yet - despite his virtue - he cant control his sexual frustrations to La Esmeralda. It is also interesting that despite the kindness Quasimodo shows toward her, she can hardly look at him. Hugo increases our sorrow when Quasimodo sees her beauty and feels all the more ugly: I never realized how ugly I am until now. Another great aspect of this book is that even though Frollo shows his dark side, Hugo does not permit us to forget his good points (Especially the part where we see the ingratitude of Frollos delinquent brother after all the kindness he treated him with). Another wonderful thing about this book is how its puts you right there with the character, and I found myself feeling what they probably wouldve been feeling. Tears fell from my eyes when Pacquette found her long lost Daughter and how she defended Esmeralda from the gallows. Even without any motherly instincts whatsoever I felt how great it would be to be reunited with my daughter and how heartbreaking at the same time to see her die right before my eyes, I would have given my own life too had I been Pacquette. The hars...

Motivational Issues in Modern Management Research Paper

Motivational Issues in Modern Management - Research Paper Example This is due to the reason that employee motivation is directly related with the performance of the business organization. It has been ascertained that there are various factors that may influence the motivation level of employees. In order to eliminate the motivational issues, managers are required to develop an understanding regarding the individual differences and implement the appropriate motivational models and approaches. Problem (Issue) Statement The modern business environment is ascertained to be highly complex and dynamic. In such circumstances, it is quite difficult for the organizations to sustain business efficiently. There are also numerous internal and external factors that serve as the threats for the survival for the modern business organization. Therefore, it is essential for the modern business organizations to ensure that employees within the organizations reveal their commitment and dedication towards the attainment of the common organizational goals and objective s (Kreisman, 2002). However, it can be argued that in the contemporary business environment the issues such as employee commitment, retention and productivity have emerged as the serious workforce challenges concerning the future prospects of the modern organizations. In order to get the best work from the employees, contemporary managers are required to consider the various aspects both internal related with the management of employees and external factors. In this regard, employee motivation is considered as a strong determinant that has a significant impact on the behavior and the commitment of employees. Moreover, employee motivation can be regarded as an intricate and a much sophisticated topic, with which he contemporary managers are required to deal with in order to ensure the organizational success. In order to acquire adequate understanding regarding employees’ motivation; it has become imperative for the managers to recognize the importance of employee well-being, i ts concepts, as well as differences in individual needs. Nonetheless, the imperative requirement for comprehending and applying employee motivation has been considered as the core issue for organizations and managers. This is due to the reason that employee motivation has radical impact on the performance of the organization and it also acts as a critical factor that decides the success and failure of the organizations. Precisely stating, employee motivation has a significant influence on the behavior of employees to react in one or the other way. It can be argued that there is a greater requirement undertaking certain specific approaches for the managers to draw an understanding regarding the behavior of employees. In the modern management practices, motivating employees and directing their joint efforts towards the accomplishment of the broad organizational goals have emerged as one of the most challenging tasks for the modern managers. At the same time, it is a global fact that e very individual possesses certain unique characteristics and is different from the others in one or the other way. Thus, it can be argued that no standard model is sufficient for addressing the motivational factor. Correspondingly, it has become essential for the managers to implement diverse motivational models in order to realize the discriminating needs of the employees (Kim, 2006). Data Analysis It has

New Venture Proposition - Individual work Essay

New Venture Proposition - Individual work - Essay Example The selected name of the restaurant will be â€Å"Rene sense Dinner theatre†. The new theatre restaurant named â€Å"Rene sense Dinner theatre† is offering the area of entertainment and fine dining concept with different, tasty and innovative food recipes. While considering the food in the restaurant, the menu includes cuisine of America, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Spain, and the Middle East. The wide range of cuisines is also a new and different idea in the market. Moreover, when it comes to services presenting good food in a friendly environment will be a positive and strong point for the restaurant. The representation of different cultures and music within a colourful environment, which adds an entertainment factor with dinner, will amaze the customers. Customers will be allowed to choose any theme for their table and then the service for that table will be according to that theme. It will delight the customers and the experience of extreme fun and uniqueness will attract and grab the concentration of the customers towards one restaurant that is providing all entertainment activities and food at one place (Rainsford, 2000). The restaurant industry is a diverse business the reason is that there are various cuisines and cultures that restaurants offer and follow according to the needs and demands of the customers. There are various restaurants that are offering delicious and different food items. Mostly focus on the services and food quality. People around the globe like fast food items a lot, and it is a part of their daily food intake. It is the reason due to which there is majority of fast restaurants in the industry. However, for special occasions and different taste people prefer to experience uniqueness in food items within a good environment. Although there is majority of restaurants, there is no such

Analysis of the community psychology field

Analysis of the community psychology field The Swampscott conference in 1965 highlighted a growing need for psychologists to be political activists and agents of social change this conference is considered the birthplace of community psychology (Barry, 2008). The ultimate aim of community psychology is to enhance the quality of life through collaborative research and action. Community psychology consists of three dominant perspectives namely, the ecological perspective, the social constructionist perspective and the critical perspective. Community psychologists use these perspectives to structure research and formulate interventions. Community psychology focuses much attention on health and creating interventions to alleviate health concerns. Health, is not just physical well being, but is a state of complete physical and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (Petee Asch, 1949) As the discussions progresses, the three perspectives will be explored in detail, the case study Deadly Cells: The struggle of HIV positive prisoners will then be utilized to contextualise the three perspectives in formulating HIV/AIDS health interventions within prisons. Before we dive into the complexities that underlie these interventions it is important to have an accurate understanding of the three perspectives that are considered to be the foundation of community psychology interventions. Urie Bronfrenbrenner was the first to propose the ecological model based on a nested level of analysis. Bronfrenbrenner asserted that the individual does not exist as a static entity but is at the core of various levels of analysis that are all in constant interaction with each other thus an individuals behaviour does not exist in a vacuum and is influenced by the environment. The levels of influence include: the microsystem (refers to interpersonal relations), the mesosystem (refers to interaction among the systems that the individual is involved in), the exosystem (this involves the larger social system) and the macrosystem (refers to cultural and religious beliefs). James Kelly evolved Bronfenbrenners theory by shifting the focus from the individual and the levels of analysis to develop an understanding of how human communities function (Kelly, 1966, p. 537). Kelly highlighted four important principles that govern the behavior of individuals in different contexts. The four princi ples are as follows: adaptation (individuals need to adapt to the demands of change); succession (acknowledges the history (values, culture etc.) of a context history helps understand the present); cycling of resources (this is the identification and utilization of the resources available within a context the central aim being, to focus on the strengths of the particular context and its constituents) and interdependence (change is directly proportional to the other systems, thus change in one part of the system may cause negative or positive effects in other parts of the system). The ecological perspective helps stress that systems are not static entities, thus effective interventions can only be achieved by adopting a holistic stance. Social constructionism are sociological theories of knowledge that consider how social phenomena or objects of consciousness develop in social contexts (Daniel, 1998, p. 126).Therefore, our world has been constructed, through social interactions within our environment Social constructionism has many underlying principles that help accurately understand this theoretical paradigm. Social constructionism is anti-naturalism, which according to Bruner states that: It is culture not biology that shapes the human mind that gives meaning to action by situating its underlying intentional states in an interpretive system (Gergen, 1999, p. 27).This point illustrates that there is a danger involved if we treat individuals and societies as mere objects, to probe and study (as in biology), agency and interaction need to be considered. Secondly, is the use of language. Language is not just a means of communication, but a complex tool of symbolic representation that we utilize to construct our social reality, to define roles, formulate traditions and develop unique systems of representation. Closely tied to language is the third principle of meaning. Food is food because we have socially constructed it as an edible substance within our culture we gave it meaning (e.g.: the stomach of the sheep is a delicacy in Indian culture, however in Western culture it may be incomprehensible to eat). Fourth is power, power is closely tied to the notion of discourse (Refers to how people operationalize language within a culture (Freedman Combs, 1996).The various discourses of a particular culture dominate the culture, and knowledge of such discourses create a sense of power. Power and discourse is utilized to normalize individuals within a culture. Each and every culture contains a grand narrative which can be defined as the dominant, overarching ideology that exists within a culture. Grand narratives are sustained and constructed through the use of guiding metaphors, which refers to the selective use of language to actualize our realities. The fifth principle is that there is no si ngle truth. This can be illustrated by the speech entitled The Danger of a single story, delivered by famous Nigerian author Chimamande Adichie. In her speech Adichie speaks of her childhood and the books that she read which were chiefly British and American. These books influenced her overall view of the world to such an extent that when she began writing (at 7 years old), all her characters were predominantly white and lived in their white world. It is important to note that she developed a single story of the world devoid of her African heritage. Her unilateral views were confirmed when she entered university and her American roommate was awestruck, that she, a Nigerian girl could speak fluent English. As her roommates view of Africa was nothing but poverty and war a single story of Africa. Coupled with the single story notion is the issue of power. Power is the ability not just to tell a story of another person, but to make it the definitive story of that person (Adichie, 2002) . It is evident that a single story robs all the colour of any painting. The consequence of a single story is it robs people of dignity and emphasizes how we are different than how we are similar (Adichie, 2002). The above illustration illuminates the notion that there are multiple sides to any story ,however what may be the most important side is the underlying dynamics that are absent from sight. From the above discussion on social constructionism it is clear that this perspective by no means objectifies reality, but subjectifies experiences, interactions and social construction within a particular context. Critical psychology can be understood as a metadiscipline that urges the discipline of psychology to critically evaluate its moral and political implications (Painter Terre Blanche, 2006, p. 215) Critical psychology places importance on challenging the dominant values of mainstream psychology. Critical psychology points out that the roles of professionals (e.g. politicians, psychologists etc.) are not value free roles and the values of professionals need consideration. Therefore, it is evident that critical psychology poses a much needed criticism of mainstream psychology. Critical psychology and mainstream psychology differ in the following aspects: Traditional psychology attributes problems to particular individuals and their contribution to the emergence of a problem ,conversely critical psychology identifies a problem within a particular system and the existing power differentials, secondly, mainstream psychology emphasizes individualism and capitalist values, critical psycholog y challenges this view, asserting that this view stunts the search for self-actualization and the final aspect is power. Power according to mainstream psychology is attained through professional training and knowledge, however critical psychology asserts that power should be shared and not exist within individuals. Critical psychology highlights that power can either empower or marginalize individuals and all interventions do not benefit all individuals. Thus from the above discussion it is clear that critical psychology is a coupling of the previous two perspectives with ultimate goal of freedom and empowerment. Now that a clear understanding of the three perspectives community psychologists utilize in formulating interventions has been developed, it will be used to contextualise the case study : Deadly Cells: The struggle of HIV positive prisoners The article Deadly cells, illustrate the plight of HIV positive prisoners in a South African prison (Westville). The article states that infected inmates were denied access to anti-retroviral treatment (ARVs) robbed of their human right of access to appropriate healthcare. The Department of Correction when notified of the issue responded by stating that prisoners need their identification documents (which they did not have) and that there was limited access to hospitals that would treat the prisoners. After much contention the matter reached the courts. Due to the harsh conditions (rape, unprotected sex, overcrowding, gang life etc.) in prisons, infection of the disease was exacerbated. In 2006, after much deliberation the government agreed to provide ARV treatment, however this conclusion does nothing to curb the problem of the rapid increase of HIV/AIDS victims in prisons. The above case study will now be contextualised with the use of the three perspectives discussed earlier and interventions will be suggested to alleviate the problem. A community psychologist working from an ecological perspective will define the prisoners perception of their environment, analyse the characteristics of the environment and then adopt a transactional analysis of how the perceptions and external characteristics interact to produce the problem a holistic systemic view. The researcher will spend time at the prison in a participatory manner, engaging collaboratively with the prisoners to understand their problem on various levels. The ecological intervention will promote participation and instil the belief that the affected can indeed effect change. An example of an appropriate ecological intervention to alleviate the problem of HIV/AIDS at the Westville prison includes the following: first and foremost the prisoners need to be made aware of their rights and the laws that protect their health; this can be done by running education programs. The prison staff (officers, wardens etc.) need to play a proactive role in the prevention of rap e, discrimination and the alleviation of gang fights in the prisons, this can be achieved through training programs for the staff. The issue of overcrowding within the prison needs to be referred to the authorities or community based organisations (CBOs) in order to create awareness and mass media attention. The prison authorities need to provide lubricants and condoms to prisoners teaching them to be proactive. Pressure should be put on the Department of Health for ARVs and in-house HIV/AIDS care centres by creating media attention. Lastly, an external officer needs to monitor that the interventions are in place (by weekly visits). The above suggestions emphasise that the problem is not just a health issue and in order to alleviate the problem a holistic, nested stance needs to be adopted. The social constructionist perspective differs from the ecological model as the values of the participants are central to the formation of an intervention. A researcher working from the social constructionist perspective will work closely with prisoners, in order to understand their subjective experiences, through qualitative methodologies. The researcher will search to uncover the prisoners discourses, utilisation of language and their grand narratives in relation to the causation and treatment of HIV/AIDS. Once a contextually specific view has been developed the researcher will begin to build a context specific intervention. An example of an intervention that may alleviate the problem at the Westville prison includes the following: A researcher may begin by conducting focus group interviews with the prisoners to gain an empathic understanding of the plight of the prisoners. Once a clear understanding of the problem (rape, overcrowding and the lack of proper healthcare) has been dev eloped, the researcher will then collaboratively formulate possible solutions to the problem with the prisoners. Possible solutions may include: a prisoner awareness programme carried out by the prisoners, practicing safe sex, alleviating gang violence and rape through creating awareness and reporting incidences and by involving CBOs- thus taking responsibility for their own health. The lack of medical treatment can be alleviated by forming a campaign that emphasises the disabled healthcare rights of the prisoners, the ultimate aim being to gain media attention, ultimately government fulfilment of the laws that protect prisoners. The social constructionist view places importance on the value structure within a context, once these structures have been unwrapped, they can solve the problem by building new structures that are proactive thus the answer may lie within discourses or narratives. The critical perspective differs as it is an integration of the above two paradigms with the ultimate goal of freedom and empowerment. Critical psychology like social constructionism values the subjective experiences of the prisoners and therefore, can be considered to be value-driven. A key goal of critical psychology is to transform the problem and therefore, has political connotations. The aim of the researcher begins with a transformative stance, understanding the plight of the prisoners and to empower and liberate them to action, by enlightening them on the possible solutions. An example of an intervention to alleviate the problem at the Westville prison includes: Participation Action Research (PAR) is a collaborative approach, with research aimed at social change, researcher and participants are partners and communication is central to successful intervention (McTaggart, 1997). PAR is an activist approach. The prisoners could form a mass demonstration (protest) and form allianc es with CBOs that can create awareness outside the prisons, thus jointly accessing media attention. Once attention is attained the CBOS can appeal to the relevant legal authorities and international organisations such as the United Nations and the World Health Organisation ultimately this would push the government to act. Therefore, it can be seen that the critical approach emphasises transformation and activism. From the above discussion it can be deduced that community psychology is a multidimensional field that employs the use of various perspectives namely, ecological (a holistic systemic view), social (value-driven, constructed reality) and the critical perspective (a critical, activist view). Each perspective sheds new theoretical light on the plight of the Westville prisoners all emphasising the need for stronger health systems, a need for coordination and cooperation between authorities, CBOs, prisoners and prison staff and a limited exercising of rights related to healthcare and laws protecting the well-being of prisoners. Therefore it can be concluded that community psychology with the utilization of the three perspectives can help the marginalized prisoners break free from the stigma that prisoners have dissolved their rights to healthcare.

Forensic Scientist Research Paper Essay

Definition of a Forensic Scientist There is a definition for a forensic scientist. According to Career Information Center, there is a definition for forensic scientist, â€Å"forensic scientists gather and evaluate evidence from victims, vehicles, and scenes of crimes.† â€Å"Their findings may help to convict or prove the innocence of a person accused of a crime.† Nearly all forensic scientists work for federal, state, or local law enforcement (Engineering. 126). Entry Requirements There are entry requirements to become a forensic scientist. According to Career Information Center, to be a forensic scientist, one needs at least a bachelor’s degree in physical or natural science. However, most crime labs prefer employees that have a master’s or doctorate’s degree in forensics (Engineering. 126). Working Conditions Forensic scientists work varied hours. According to Career Information Center, forensic scientist work a five day, forty hour work week. However, they are on call 24-7 and may be expected to answer late night calls. In some cases, overtime is forced on employees (Engineering. 127). Forensic scientists work in varied environments. They spend most of their time in clean labs (Engineering. 127). They may also work outdoors in all weather conditions including snow, rain and heat (Echaore-McDavid 61). Forensic scientists have to stand, bend, kneel, and crouch in awkward positions (Echaore-McDavid 61). Forensic scientists have to observe unpleasant sights such as blood and corpses (Engineering. 127). Also, there are some risks with working with weapons (Engineering. 127). In addition, forensic scientists are exposed to noxious fumes and poisons (Engineering. 127). Generally, forensic scientists work with lab partners and other branches of law enforcement such as, policemen, FBI, and judges (Engineering. 127). Pay and Benefits Forensic Scientist’s pay varies. According to Career Information Center, their earnings vary depending on experience and education. Entry level pay for a forensic scientist with a bachelor’s degree in 2005 was about $30,000 a year. The median salary was about $40,000. Experienced forensic scientists with a master’s degree earn around $70,000. Different types of forensic scientists earn different salaries. For example, a technician will make around $40,000 a year, but a forensic pathologist can earn up to $200,000 a year. Also, large crime labs use specialists, scientists who do one specific duty well. These specialists often make more money than others (Engineering. 127). Forensic Scientists get benefits. According to Career Information Center, forensic scientists get sick days and vacation days. The amount of days depends on the crime lab they work at. They are also offered medical insurance. Again, this varies with the crime lab. Forensic scientists are also offered pension plans (Engineering. 127). Advancement Forensic scientists have opportunity for advancement. Most start out as trainees where they learn how to do their job. Then, they are given more freedom and assume the duties of the other forensic scientists. A few people may be promoted to senior forensic scientist or manager of the crime lab (Echaore-McDavid 60). Typically, positions open up when other forensic scientists are promoted, retire, or if the lab expands (Engineering. 127). Also, forensic scientists may train new employees for a bonus (Engineering. 127). Outlook Forensic scientists have a very positive outlook. Jobs in forensic science are expected t raise by twenty percent in ten years, well above the national average (U.S. Dept. n.p.) Growth in the field of forensic science is tied to crime rates, high crime rates means a large amount of jobs (Engineering. 127). According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook, new technologies speed up the growth of jobs in forensic science. Furthermore, there were 12,800 jobs held by forensic scientists in 2008. The projected employment for 2018 is 15,300 jobs (U.S. Dept. n.p.). JOB DUTIES OF A FORENSIC SCIENTIST Second, there are personal qualities that are required to be a forensic scientist. There are job duties that all forensic scientists share. Also, there are job duties for different types of forensic scientists. Personal Qualities There are personal qualities that are necessary to have to be a forensic scientist. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, Forensic scientists must have communication skills, teamwork skills, writing skills, problem solving skills, and self management skills. Forensic scientists must also be observant, objective, detail oriented, meticulous, ethical, honest, dependable, and courteous. In addition, computer skills are recommended (Echaore-McDavid 60). General Job Duties There are some job duties that all forensic scientists share. All forensic scientists gather, evaluate, and analyze evidence and data from victims, vehicles, and crime scenes (Engineering. 126). Forensic scientists’ findings are used in court cases (Engineering. 126). They may have to train lower level or new employees (Echaore-McDavid 63). All forensic scientists may be called out to crime scenes (Echaore-McDavid 63). Technicians Forensic technicians have specific job duties. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, they gather physical evidence, such as bullets, weapons, and tissues from crime scenes. Technicians must also talk and coordinate with police officers at the crime scene. They note, sketch, and photograph every piece of evidence. Then the technicians send the evidence to the crime lab for further investigating. Technicians also submit accurate and well detailed reports and documentation for court cases. Technicians also maintain and use photography equipment as well as develop film (Echaore-McDavid 60-1). Latent Prints Examiner Prints Examiners have specific job duties as well. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, prints examiners analyze all latent prints including fingerprints, palm prints, footprints, and tire tracks. They use chemicals and plasters to lift prints from scenes of crimes. They take photographs of the prints and convert them to 3D images on a computer. Prints examiners compare these prints with known suspects, victims, and others. Examiners will write reports of their findings and may testify in court (Echaore-McDavid 63). Forensic Chemist Forensic chemists also have specific job duties. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, chemists use chemical analysis to examine physical evidence. They also perform tests to determine the contents of an unknown substance. Chemists make reports and may testify in court (Echaore-McDavid 65). Trace Evidence Examiner Trace evidence examiners have specific job duties as well. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, trace evidence examiners examine hair, tissues, saliva, blood, fluids, plastics, metals, and explosives. They work in crime labs alongside chemists and print examiners. They also develop new and better methods for examining evidence (Echaore-McDavid 65). Firearms and Toolmark Examiners Firearms and toolmark examiners have specific job duties. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, they handle two pieces of evidence: firearms and tools. They determine if firearms or tools were used in a crime. They make identical matches between guns and bullets, and tools and toolmarks. Firearms and toolmark examiners also determine paths of bullets and recreate crime scenes (Echaore-McDavid 69). Questioned Documents Examiner Questioned documents examiners have their own job duties. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, documents examiners analyze checks, currency, vouchers, contracts, certificates, wills, notes and letters. They check if documents and signatures are real or counterfeit. They determine if changes have been made to a document and determine what words were erased or crossed out. Document examiners also identify different types of inks and papers (Echaore-McDavid 71). Polygraph Examiner Polygraph examiners have specific job duties too. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, polygraph examiners administer polygraph tests to suspects and analyze the results. Polygraphs measure pulse, blood pressure, breathing, and perspiration during questioning. Polygraph examiners write their own questions and give them to suspects (Echaore-McDavid 76). Forensic Pathologist Forensic pathologists have specific job duties. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, forensic pathologists primarily perform autopsies. They answer the time of death, whether a death was caused by suicide or homicide, and cause of death. Pathologists may also have to identify bodies. They are also called out to crime scene to examine bodies before they are moved. Forensic pathologists sometimes meet with families of the deceased (Echaore-McDavid 73). ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Third, there are advantages to having a career as a forensic scientist. There are also disadvantages. Advantages Forensic scientists have advantages for their occupation. With enough education, most forensic scientists make around $70,000 a year (Engineering. 126). They can also earn sick and vacation days (Engineering. 126). They get medical insurance (Engineering. 126). Finally, forensic science is a fast growing field. Its growth is above the national average (U.S. Dept. n.p.). Disadvantages There are also disadvantages in the field of forensic science. The occupation is very high stress. Forensic scientists may witness gruesome sights (Engineering. 126). They also put themselves at risk by working with weapons and chemicals (Engineering. 126). Also, forensic scientists are on call 24-7 and may be forced into working overtime (Echaore-McDavid 60). In addition, it takes about six years to earn a good degree, master’s degree, in forensic science (Engineering. 126). EDUCATION Fourth, there are entry requirements to get into Michigan State University. In addition, Michigan State offers a great program to study forensic science. Entry Requirements The main entry requirement for Michigan Stat is to have a better application than the other applicants. According to Peterson’s Four Year Colleges, the average high school GPA of those admitted to MSU is 3.61. Ninety-seven percent of students had an ACT score over eighteen and nine percent had a score of thirty. Seventy-six percent of students scored over 500 in reading on the SAT’s, eighty-five percent scored over 500 in math, and seventy-three percent scored over 500 in writing. Nine percent of students scored over 700 in reading, fourteen percent scored over 700 in math, and five percent scored over 700 in writing. Only seventy-three percent of applicants are admitted into Michigan State University (Peterson’s. 473). Those admitted into MSU are required to pay tuition. According to Peterson’s Four Year Colleges, on average, state residents are charged about $7,665 per year. Out of state residents are charged around $20,310. Part-time students who live in state are charged $235 per credit hour. Out of state part-time students are charged $656 per credit hour. Some financial aid is provided by MSU if necessary (Peterson’s. 473). Michigan State University Michigan State is a great college to study to study forensic science. MSU was founded in 1885 (Peterson’s. 473). The school has offered a forensic science program since 1946 (â€Å"School.† n.p.). MSU is a coed school (Peterson’s 473). The campus is 5,192 acres and has relatively easy access to Detroit and Lansing (Peterson’s. 473). Michigan State has a great college atmosphere. According to Peterson’s Four Year Colleges, fifty-four percent of students are women and forty-six percent are men. There are students studying at MSU from fifty-four states and territories. There are also students from one hundred different countries. The student faculty ration at MSU is 17:1 (Peterson’s. 473). MSU has a great athletic program. According to Peterson’s Four Year Colleges, all sports available at Michigan State are Division I except for football. MSU offers men’s football, men’s and women’s basketball, men’s and women’s track, men’s baseball, women’s softball, and men’s and women’s cheerleading. MSU also offers many intramural sports (Peterson’s. 473). Michigan State University offers many clubs to its students. MSU has a drama club, marching band, choral group, radio and television club, newspaper club, and national fraternities and sororities (Peterson’s. 473). MSU provides prime housing. On campus residency is required for a student’s freshman year (Peterson’s. 473). Coed dorms are available as well as women only dorms and disabled students dorms (Peterson’s. 473). Michigan State offers services to students. According to Peterson’s Four Year Colleges, there is a health clinic available to MSU students, psychiatric counseling, and legal services. There is also a woman’s center. MSU provides twenty four hour emergency response and transportation services. Also, self defense workshops are available (Peterson’s. 473). MSU offers top rate classes and degrees in forensic science. According to â€Å"School of Criminal Justice,† the Master’s Degree in Forensic Science is provided by the Michigan State School of Criminal Justice. Applicants for the degree must have at least a 3.0 to apply. One must also have a degree in a lesser or related field such as physical or natural science (â€Å"School.† n.p.). MSU offers a degree in forensic chemistry. To earn a degree, one must take the following classes: Advanced Analytical Chemistry II, Survey in Forensic Science, Forensic Chemistry and Microscopic Evidence, Scanning Electron Microscopy/X-Ray Analysis, and Forensic Serology (â€Å"School.† n.p.). INTERESTS AND NEEDS Furthermore, forensic science does fit my needs. It pays a decent amount of money and will give me a comfortable lifestyle. Forensic Science involves a lot of science and chemistry, which I love to do. Also, forensic scientists help people by assisting in the justice process, which I think is very rewarding. CLOSING In conclusion, forensic science is a very challenging career. If a person is interested in becoming a forensic science, it is going to take a lot more than just a love of the TV show CSI.