Adolf Hitler Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Adolf Hitler - Essay Example People always refer to him as having been cruel and full of greed for power. Hitler promoted anticommunism and anti-Semitism with the Nazi propaganda and charismatic oratory. He became a full grown dictator between 1934 and 1934. He contributed to the death of about 11 million people with six million of them having been the Jews. He later committed suicide in 1945 together with his wife (Langer n.d.). From Freud’s psychoanalytic perspective, Hitler’s personality molded when he was a child. Fred’s notion is that the personality shapes up during childhood. A healthy personality develops upon completion of the psychosexual stages. Some people do not complete all the stages as required leading to fixation. Hitler had rough times when he was a kid. He lost his brother eventually changing him from a happy child to a morose and sullen boy. He preferred his mother than the father. Freud suggests that Hitler may have experienced the Oedipus complex back at his childhood. It is likely that he developed jealousy to his father and sexual attraction to his loving mother. The main reason for his behavior could have been his unwillingness to follow his father’s will and revolt all his ideas. There could have been the father-son competition. Although he had a wife and many girlfriends, Hitler’s sexual orientation remains undisclosed. He could have been a homose xual while others insisted of him being a heterosexual. According to Freud’s psychoanalytic approach, compulsions and obsessions show maladaptive responses to unsolved conflicts during the early stages of development. Hitler developed the insecurity feeling from his childhood. His unstable thoughts and feelings brought the feelings of fear and anxiousness. His racial hygiene approaches reveal his compulsions and obsessions to killing and torturing others (Langer n.d.). Another psychoanalytic theory from Alfred Adler suggests that people with a feeling

Advice Sofia and her father on the legal position Essay

Advice Sofia and her father on the legal position - Essay Example In the course of valuation the expert came across the 1885 cent, but to the dismay Sofias father declared it to be counterfeit. (This was later confirmed by a coin expert at Sothebys who said it was worthless.) Sofia returned to Hockley Coins to demand the return of her money. David Jones apologised for the embarrassment caused but claimed that he sold the coin in good faith, believing it to be genuine, as he could not tell that it was counterfeit he could not accept liability in the matter. He refused to return Sofias money and pointed to large sign- No refunds/Credit Notes only- in the shop. Sofia refused a credit note. In order to advise Sofia and her father with regard to their legal position it is necessary to consider the law in relation to misrepresentation and examine the elements that they would need to prove in order to succeed in such a claim. The starting point is to refer to the Misrepresentation Act 1967 in order to determine whether either party might be able to substantiate a claim under these provisions. In order for the court to decide that a misrepresentation has occurred they will require proof that the person claiming misrepresentation was induced into entering into the contract as a direct result of comments made by the other party. In law the courts will consider that a misrepresentation has occurred if the plaintiff can show that the respondent made a false statement about the product which induced them into entering into that contract. Historically the courts have recognised three distinct forms of misrepresentation, fraudulent misrepresentation, negligent misrepresentation1 and innocent misrepresentation2. When determining damages it is important for the court to distinguish whether the misrepresentation has been fraudulent, negligent or innocent. The courts will determine that a fraudulent misrepresentation has occurred if it can be proven that the person making the representation to the plaintiff made the statement without belief

Business plan for a fruit processing company

Business plan for a fruit processing company Our Business Plan will be about fruit processing. This will reduce fruits post harvesting loss through processing fruits in syrups and concentrates. This will help middle and low income eaners as we find there is high need of fresh fruits juice as many of fresh fruits juice are imported and sold in high price which normal Tanzania citizen cant afford. Our company will be situated in Korogwe Tanga where there are many firms. Company has three partners, Mildred, Sophia and Saja. ABRIVIATION ASDP Agricultural Sector Development Programme ASDS Agricultural Sector Development Strategy BIT Board of Internal Trade DACHE Dar Es Salaam College of Home Economics Ltd GDP Gross Domestic Product HKMU Hubert Kairuki Memorial University MAFC Ministry of agriculture Food Security and Cooperatives MITM Ministry of Industries Trade and Marketing NARS National Agricultural Research Institute PASS Private Agricultural Sector Support SIDO Small Scale Industries Development Organization SIDP Sustainable Industry Development Programme SUA Sokoine University of Tanzania TDV Tanzania Development Vision TFDA Tanzania Food Drugs and Cosmetics Agency UDSM University of Dar es Salaam BUSINESS PLAN 1.0 Executive summary The current agriculture potentiality contributes about 26.5% of GDP and it provides employment about 70% of total labour force. Tanzania grows a range of fruit including topical and temperate. The annual production of fruits is 678,515MT (this is 5% of potential area exploited) [tanserve n.d] Agro processing in the industrial sector is indeed one of the underdeveloped sub sectors and according to a report by Commonwealth Secretariat (1997) it was seen to consume about 1% of the horticultural raw materials produced in Tanzania as compared to 80% in Malaysia which also is in the category of developing country [practicalaction n.d] Agro processing and especially small -scale processing is becoming very important in the country as means to reduce crop losses and value addition at production and collection sites and a way of income generating activity.[practicalaction n.d] However, the sector experience losses during and after harvest. Post harvest losses of fruits and vegetables are estimated at 50 to 80%. These losses are more meaningful economically compared to the cost of compensating for losses through increased crop production. Losses are caused by among another factors, mechanical, physical and biochemical aspects. SOMIL intends with this financial and economical projection the idea will bring new concept in a market and good strategies which will enable the company to acquire a good market position initially the company may have up and downs of new start but with the partner potentiality gradual the sales may increase once SOMIL gets good eyes to watch over it operations. A daily production of between 2000 and 3000 kilograms of fruit product is estimated to be obtained from an input of between 2000 and 3000 kilograms of fruit pulp/product is estimated to be obtained from an input of 5000 kilograms. Production time per annum is estimated to be 240 days. And the project intends to employ 22 people and it is an investment of Tshs. 300,000,000.00 which will realize Tshs 144,000,000.00 in year five times. Total production costs are estimated at Tshs. 290,000,000.00 in year one gradually rising in years two and three then falls in year five onwards. Project cash flow is favourable, it will start making profits from the first year of the project and all loans be repaid by third year of operation. This will be showing clearly in financial. 2.0 THE BUSINESS 2.1 The opportunity According to government record and statistics show the annual production of fruits to be 678,515MT, but this is only 5% of the potential area exploited and this can be caused by lack of where to send the increased production. 2.2 Need to be filled This project so as to say will focuses on increasing fruits usability which experience enormous looses especially during the season and create new opportunities for industrial development in rural areas through processing of fruits for fresh juice. More so, the initiator of this idea is a professional expert in the field of post harvest processing, having a long term experience in offering knowledge to small scale food processors and food enterprises and managed to make them grow to a medium scale capacity. 2.2.1 How the proposed business will fills the need With the capacity of operation which business plan to operate in, the company will process fruits for juice which will be consumed by low and medium income earners who are not able to buy exported fresh fruit juice. 3.0 Company and Company history Initially idea was brought by one of the partner who is professional in a filed and she has long term experience in food processing later on the idea was joined by two other partners who contribute in capital invested. 3.1 Company mission statement To provide 100% satisfaction by offering fruit in syrup and fruit concentrates of the highest quality, impeccable services, guaranteeing accurate supply, fast delivery and developing strong relationships with farmers and medium to small scale fruits processing business and entrepreneurs. 3.2 Our vision SOMIL forecast to be competitive in service while taking on prior responsibilities that are pertinent to our clients needs through producing strict quality and safe products, for health and economical satisfaction. 3.3 Company objective The products to be made include quality and safe fruits of the season concentrates and fruits in syrup. Neutrality will govern the products made since raw materials will basically comprise of fresh, mature fruits of the season without non-fruit fortification. SOMIL products are intermediate since they form raw material to juice making, wine making and fruit salads to other small to medium scale industries. Availability regardless seasonality forms another niche value to SOMIL products. The main objective is to ensure sustainable economic, food and nutrition security by seasonal reduction of fruits post harvest loses by 10% through processing. 3.4 Specific objectives To ensure the establishment of fruit concentrate and fruits in syrup industry is in place by end of year one of the project inception To establish appropriate links with stakeholders who will daily deliver to the industry quality seasonal fruits for processing To continuously encourage and support value addition to seasonal fruits so that the farmers are economically empowered Together with farmers and other stakeholders of the project area, to reduce the post harvest losses by 50% through fruits processing by year 2013 To continuously support technology developments in the post-harvest system according to zonal conditions, climatically, and socio-culturally and according to the needs of the clients for effective and sustainable availability of the industrys raw material. 4.0 COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE Fruit concentrates and fruits in syrup are made from fresh fruits of the highest quality, maturity, and health from both temperate and tropical zones. The fruits have to be selected and graded through a rigorous quality control system so that all of our products have the best flavors and nutrient content that meet the national and international quality and safety parameters and standards. The products made by SOMIL will be raw material to other secondary fruit products that include among others; juices, wines, fruit salads and fruit based products. Bulk packaging will govern the products and minimum carriage weight will be 20 kilogram and maximum 200 kilogram drums. Literature review and a study visit to few industries in Dar es salaam indicates about 16medium scale and 300 small scale prospective competitors, however, paste, fruit concentrates and fruits in syrup are not their core activities to any of these companies. They specialize in finished products of this semi finished products. Similarly, the demand for SOMIL products especially during off seasons in which consumers shift to imported pastes and fruit concentrates is prospectively high. Furthermore, customers of secondary products (finished products) have become health conscious, which add to the unique selling point of the company products. The company is reputed of having competent employees both professionally and aggressiveness to deliver as per vision of the company. 4.1 Description of the business model The company will deliver its products in the first come first served basis. Since nature of business entail quality and safe semi finished products than enterprises of finished products will certainly find them highly convenient both as a time saver as well as all-seasons products. Despite the presence of few competitors the demand is rarely met, also they utilize mostly the imported concentrates that are generally fortified with non fruit material thus reducing the products nature and quality. Consumers of the finished products have become health conscious which adds to the unique selling point of SOMIL products as they are naturally made from whole fruits and vegetables with nothing added hence making the product whole, fresh and nutritional. The company is reputed of having competent employees both professionally and aggressiveness to deliver as per vision of the company. 4.2 How the business will create a sustainable competitive advantage Production cost govern to a large extent pricing strategy but also comparisons have to be made with competitors prices so a not to be very different for a product of similar or near similar. Other quality parameters such as health impact, intellectual property etc will also be considered in the setting. According to studies on food habits conducted by use of a case study of Dar es Salaam, consumers reported to be willing to pay a little more for a healthy product especially when they are ensured of its quality and safety (Mjawa, 2003) For this reason, if a small price difference is set (ceteris peribus), it will make the business sell few volumes of quality products yet with profits till it gains market reputation. 5.0 CURRENT STATUS AND REQUIREMENTS The location of the production area will be Korogwe town and marketing office will be Korogwe District Tanga region. The choice of a production location is strategically due to the place being the major centre of fruits growing with a horticultural hinterland. Besides Korogwe being centrally located it allows easy transportation of inputs and raw materials to the industry as well as products to the selling centre and consumers due to its proximity to most areas. The location will also tap the availability of labor that has been left redundant by many crop estates and industries that were closed and some are now affected by the world economic recession. Ample availability of steady services like ICT, electricity, and water are taken into consideration when selecting the location. Taking into consideration that this is a start up project, the following will form a production and operation processes. Table 2: Production process Step Process Description 1 Site acquisition, registration of business and other start up logistics Site us owned by one of the partner which will be transfer in the business under the law and legal contract. 2 Purchase of equipment Machineries equipment with the capacity of producing 500-800 kilograms per hour will be procured. Office equipment, a vehicle and furniture will also be procured. 3 Employees recruitment Director production and technical, manager administration and finance, manager production and technical will be the first people to be employee operators staff and hiring the security. 4 Purchases of production materials Identification of locations, suppliers of raw materials and other inputs; training on the quality to supply and later purchases to be done 5 Production process Receiving, grading, washing, desizing/pulping, packing packaging and storing 6 Marketing Market research, Transportation, advertisement, selling. 5.1 Description of where the business stands today SOMIL has 120 millions which contributed by three partners in equal shares also the company has plot in Korogwe which has own by one of the partners and transfer to a business through legal entities. 5.2 Description of what the business needs to move forward In order the company to operate successfully the business needs 300 millions. Where by 120millions has already contributed by three partners and remained 180 millions the company look for a loan which will be paid within five years. 6.0 MANAGEMENT The business is directed by three directors, who are partner and shareholder of the business. First partner is MILDRED MLAKI, who has two degree, one from Cape Town University of food and nutrition and the other is for commerce from university of Dar es salaam, Mildred will be overall in-charge of all processing operations. Second partner, SOPHIA MUSSA holder masters in human resource from makerere university of Kampala Uganda, she is working with reputable company in the country and she will be overall in-charge with human resource and public relation of the company. Third partner, SAJA JOHN is a holder of masters in strategies business from Greenwich University; she will be overall in-charge of market operation of the company. The company will employ other work 2 in finance and procurement 2 foreman, and production and technical will be hired and security on term for six month period to help initial stage of layout, installation and commissioning of the machines and equipment. 6.1 ORGANISATION STRUCTURE 6.2 Ownership The business is currently owner by 3 directors as mentioned above and the will contribute 60% of the initial investment and the rest may be sold to any interested investors or development partner. 6.3 Board of Directors/Board of Advisor A Board of Advisor will be selected to advice on matters regarding smooth running of the business based on qualification specific to the organization functions. Advisors will strictly come from research institutes like UDSM Process Engineering Department, SUA, NARS, and TBS etc since the business needs technical expertise and solutions from them for the benefit of making it outstanding in terms of quality and up to date with technological features. A political figure will be included for the health of the business; the main proposal is the Member of Parliament for Korogwe Constituency. 6.4 Key Professional Service Providers The services of a change agent like SIDO experts are vital for advising on entrepreneurship skills including business management and capital acquisition. The service of reputed audit personnel for legal advisor is required by the business, but company will higher advocate professional whenever needed. 7.0 INDUSTRY ANALYSIS The current agriculture contributes about 26.5% of GDP and it provides employment to about 70% of total labour force out of which 56% of them are women. (Human Development Index 2007). This is because of its subsistence nature of Tanzania Agriculture but its potentiality for agriculture growth is immerse taking into the focus of the government strategies. TDV (Tanzania development vision) and ASDS that envisage to transform the existing subsistence-dominated agriculture progressively into commercially profitable and viable production systems so as to make it modernized, commercial, highly productive and profitable by utilizing new technologies and available technologies and manpower in an overall sustainable manner. (www.tanzania.go.tz) Agro processing in the industrial sector is indeed one of the underdeveloped sub sectors and according to a report by Commonwealth Secretariat (1997) it was seen to consume about 1% of the horticultural raw materials produced in Tanzania as compare to (80%) in Malaysia which also is in the category of developing country. Also according to PASS (2002), 65% of the processed products are consumed within the country. This indicates the availability of investment opportunities in the fruits and vegetable processing (www.tanzania.go.tz) Most of the processing plants operate under capacity due to old technology used, irregular supply of raw materials and low technical skills. However, there is some investment in processing industry taking place and efforts are being made to promote more investment in this area. Small-scale processing in becoming very important in the country as means to reduce crop losses and value addition at production and collection sites, and a way of income generating activity. To date over 5,700 processors have been trained and at least 3000 jobs created (SIDO, 2007). The future discourse for industrial development in Tanzania is elaborated in the Sustainable Industrial Development Policy SIDP. The main purpose of SIDP (Sustainable Industry Development Programme) is to set out a path for industrializing Tanzania so that by the turn of the first quarter of the 21st Century is becomes a semi industrialized country. Recently, individuals and or groups of women entrepreneurs and youth have engaged themselves into processing of fruits and vegetables for niche markets. These groups have received basic training in food processing technology through research institutions such as TIRDO (Tanzania Industrial Research Development Organization, TFNC (Tanzania Food Nutrition Centre) SUA (Sokoine University of Agriculture), Agriculture Research Institute Uyole, Mbeya Horticulture Research Training Institute Tengeru, Small scale Industry Development Organization (SIDO) and non-government organizations supporting community, nutrition and health improvement programmes. Such groups are mainly engaged in drying of fruits like ripe bananas, pineapples and mangoes and traditional vegetables such as amaranths, cassava leaves, okra and cowpea leaves. Others are engaged in making products like juices, jams, marmalades, pickles, tomato sauce and wines. (www.tanzania.go.tz) SWOT ANALYSIS TO OUR STARTUP BUSINESS STREGHTHS Highly experienced technologically Willingness to deliver as per vision Strong team of management WEAKNESSES Limited capital to invest in large scale venture A less reputed venture not yet gained a name OPPORTUNITIES Niche markets that take advantage of seasonal shortages Consciousness of fresh and nutritional healthy products by consumers Availability of ample and variety of fruits in most time of the year Location is along the fruits and vegetable growing zone Location centrally located, feasible transport wise to both farmers and consumers Availability of many funding arrangements like loans and grants for investors and entrepreneurs. Recent economic recession will reduce competing imports to a large extent THREATS Importation of less quality but cheap concentrates Emerging large scale investors with similar project Weather calamities such as drought that may hamper production Inconsistent supply of raw materials due to seasonality Substitutes such as Soda and Mineral water especial Uhai, Kilimanjaro, Dasani, masafi and so on 7.1 Competitive position within target market 7.2 Competitors analysis Few medium to large scale industrial processing plants in Tanzania that are currently operational, are located in strategic areas of high production and/or consumption like Bakhresa Food products, Noble Foods beverages Ltd, A-One products and Bottlers Ltd and Redgold in Dar es Salaam region, Darsh Industries Ltd in Arusha region, Dabaga Fruit and Vegetable Caning Factory in Iringa region. These factories produce a range of products that include fruit juices of various kinds, tomato sauces, pickles, wine, ketchup, etc. Other factories are emerging in other potential areas like in Morogoro as more investors venture into this sub-sector. (www.tanzania.go.tz) Table 1. The following table indicates few of the prospective competitors. Name of competitors Product made Strengths Weaknesses Remarks that makes SMS to capture a market share Noble foods-fruits juices Mango juice Fresh mangoes during the season. Have good packages No production during off season, manufactures only one product -mango juice Potential customer during off season may purchase other fruit pulps for SMS Bakhresa Food Industries -|Azam fruits juices Juices: mango, guava, apple, pineapple oranges May not lack raw material due to utilizing imported concentrates, few fresh fruits. Utilizes all the raw material in his own industry Although a big competitor but not threatening because he cannot sell to others hence consumers of SMS are maintained Red Gold Tomato products Sauces and Chill Uses fresh tomatoes during the season, import during off season Do not stock enough for off season production Potential competitor and customer Small scale wineries, juice processors Tomato products, wines, juices and fruit blend recipes Uses fresh fruits of the season Normally do not stock enough for the year. Have little funds and small premises for keeping large amounts of raw materials May be competitors during the season but big customers during off season Other medium and small scale industries Tomato products, wines, juices and fruit blend recipes Uses fresh fruits and vegetables as raw materials to their secondary products Cannot stock due to capital, convenience, expertise and space Potential customer Talking about competitors also there is a threat of substitute such and Soda and mineral water. 7.3 Market size and Trends According to the Confederation of Tanzania Industries directory (2007), the total market is about 316 consumers for these products. The business estimates to capture 10% in the first year 20% in the second year and growing to 30% in year five onwards. This will be due to gaining faith regarding quality as compared to imported products. The business administration will take care of customer training building regarding confidence building. Regarding a study by Tanzania Food Drugs and cosmetic Agency (TFDA) on Inventory of Food industries (2006), medium and small scale industries that will utilize SOMIL products are concentrated in Arusha, Moshi, Dar es Salaam, and Tanga regions and most of these utilize the product as raw material for making secondary products such as sauces, wines and juices. Government efforts to strengthen the increased production of non traditional crops such as fruits and vegetables because they are of high value to both farmers and the country impact positively to the availability of raw materials for SMS products and hence ensure readily availability of raw material for SMS products and hence ensure readily availability of products to clients. The world economic trends may have a positive impact on customers products due to reduction of imported concentrates. 8.0 MARKETING PLAN 8.1 Market Summary SOMIL fruits product will possesses good information about the market and known a great deal about the common attributes of the most prized customer. This information will be leveraged to better understand who is served, what their specific needs are and how SOMIL can better communicate with them. [Kotler P Keller KL1956, P.61-67] 8.2 Marketing strategy The initial focus will be locally where small scale and medium fruits processing industries are located. Due to capacity of the industry at the moment, there are no plans to go beyond Tanzania and Zanzibar. The strategy will initially be identification using data from Board of Internal Trade (BIT), the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare-TFDA and Ministry of Industries Trade and Marketing (MITM) as well as Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) and other trade newsletters. The selected few will be visited for introduction and sample sending. Then a business may further advertise in public media newspapers, radio leaflets distributed to road users for know. In future we will advertise at Televisions also. 8.3 Concept testing Concept test system can improve the company chances of success in developing and introducing new products. Our organization will go door to door for the concept test in order to get the view of the public concerning with our types of product; this will be done in public area like schools, Hospital and churches. Design employs sequential public study in which up to 50 groups of 10 to 20 participants each test one product. These studies typically consist of three surveys of up to 30 questions each. The surveys are conducted among members of our Members. 8.4 Usability testing Usability testing is a technique used to evaluate a product by testing it on users. This can be seen as an irreplaceable usability practice, since it gives direct input on how real users use the system. This is in contrast with usability inspection methods where experts use different methods to evaluate a user interface without involving users. Usability testing focuses on measuring a human-made products capacity to meet its intended purpose. Examples of products that commonly benefit from usability testing are foods, consumer products, How ever in organization will used this test to improve our product in this areas efficiency, accuracy, recall, and emotional response. The results of the first test can be treated as a baseline or control measurement; all subsequent tests can then be compared to the baseline to indicate improvement. This test will assist the industries to know where we are going and what people says about our products, This test will be assist us to maintain our product and make it durable in all time for production, our organization will insure this test done before the product enter in the market. 8.5 Channel of distribution 8.5.1 Selecting a channel of distribution SOMIL when selecting a channel of distribution as Fruit product Industry will consider the follow: The consumer characteristics need and segment The company goals, resources expertise and experience The product value, complexity, perish ability and bulk The competition characteristics and tactics Distribution channels alternatives, characteristics and availability Legalities current law and pending laws. [Kotler PKeller KL1956, P.36-72] 8.5.2 Distribution standard SOMIL will have clear and measurable goals regarding service levels in physical distribution. In so doing there must be a clear distribution strategy for products to reach the target consumers, in this respect the clear distribution channel must be in place. 8.5.3 Customer Services SOMIL will understand the decisions involve delivery frequency, speed and consistency transportation and shipping to policies, whether to accept small customer orders; warehousing coordinating assortments; and so on. Poor performance in these areas may result in lost customers. [Kotler PKeller KL1956, P.36-72] 8.6 Production 8.6.1 Social responsibility. SOMIL we will consider the impact of companys action and operating in a way that balances short term profit needs with societies long-term need this ensuring the company survival in a health environment. 8.6.2 Natural resources SOMIL will make sure that the depletion of natural resources can be reduced if the consumption of scarce material is lessened and more efficient alternatives are chosen. 8.6.3 Environmental Pollution SOMIL will make sure that dangerous pollutants need to be eliminated from the environment and safe substitutes found. The environment protection is the major federal organization involved. [Ethical Partnership nd] 8.6.4 Child labour SOMIL we will make sure there is no possibility of child labour. Sometimes supervisors use this opportunity to pay this child less while they benefit against them. We will obey the law and perform as per given instructions. 8.6.5 Marketing SOMIL as a company which deal with products fall under the umbrella of the Marketing Mix (product, price, place and promotion) which describes the strategic position of a product in the market place. An enterprise involved in producing fruits products must have clear strategies of producing those products. Also the firm dealing with fruits production should have clear pricing strategies, promotion strategies and placing or distribution strategies. An enterprise we must be able to market what we produce and produce what we can market. Consumerism SOMIL fruits product manufacturer we agree that customer has right to be informed and protected against fraudulent, deceitful, and misleading statements, advertisement, labels Consumer safety SOMIL fruits product manufacturer we will make sure that, consumer are protected against dangerous and unsafe product. Consumer information and education SOMIL fruits product manufacturer we are aware that, consumer have right to be informed includes protection against fraudulent deceitful, or grossly misleading information advertising, labeling, pricing, packaging or other practices. Consumers choice SOMIL fruits product manufacturer we know that consumer has a right to choose means that consumers have available several products and brands for which select. Consumers right to be heard SOMIL fruits product industry, consumers has right to be heard means that consumers should be able to voice their opinions to business, government and other parties. This gives consumers input into the decisions that affect them. Advertisement/Promotion Promotion and advertisement our product should be an almost unconscious part of our everyday sales plan. We dont have to look far for an opportunity to market and merchandise juice. A great way to stand out from the competition is to produce our own juice, thereby offering customer juice beverages that cant be found elsewhere. SOMIL we have to understand our competitors, what they doing and we will take action against these competitors, especially as an entire generation or retail buyers is at stake. To reach the public, advertising is a necessity. We believe that advertising may reach non-juice drinkers and thus bring in additional customer to our business. Advertising deserves greater consideration as a part of the solution to certain

The Trojan Women by Michael Cacoyannis Essay -- Film Cinema Movies Eur

Desperate Trojan Housewives: Some Reflections on The Trojan Women, A Film by Michael Cacoyannis. I am exploring some aspects of the film of Euripides’ The Trojan Women, directed by Michael Caccayannis, based on the poetic translation by Edith Hamilton and starring Katherine Hepburn as the tragic hero Hecuba, queen of Troy. I would like to explore an essentially Jungian theory of what loss means, and whether there can be so much suffering, that it overwhelms the personality. In Jung’s view, which is essentially the view held by most spiritual disciplines, it is only through suffering that we become fully human. It is only when we are in touch with our shame, through our public nakedness, and private anguish, that we can be in touch with our limitations and our humanness. But as we work with our patients do we not doubt the possibility, so eloquently put by Aeschylus and misquoted by Robert Kennedy at a famous speech upon the assassination of Martin Luther King. RFK’s speech In our sleep, pain which cannot forget, falls drop by drop upon the heart, until, in our own despair, against our will, comes wisdom through the awful grace of God. THE FILM There is little plot in the Trojan women and almost no action. It is the day after the destruction of Troy, after ten years of siege, and the women are weeping in the ashes of their destroyed city and waiting by the city walls to be transported along with the Trojan treasure to be handed out a slaves. They await their fate, but still look towards their queen, Hecuba, for guidance and security. The women are huddled in the ashes of their now destroyed city, awaiting transportation by the Greeks. Women and gold are the spoils of war. They all will be dished up as bo... ...vesting the characters with an identity gives me a dimension of reality that helps to stimulate my imagination. In the case of THE TROJAN WOMEN, pre-casting was an artistic necessity. There was no wavering in my choice of the four actresses. I made it as much on the basis of their talent as for r their very special qualities as human beings, their outlook, their spirit. The spirit , and especially Katherine Hepburn’s, who was the first to really and the last to leave the location, not only made this film possible but radiates through performances in a manner that makes the difficult art of acting seem as natural as breathing.’ Claire Odeon Hershman is a psychotherapist in both private practice in London, and The National Health Service. She is a part time lecturer in the department of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy at Birkbeck College, London University. U.K.

Pob Marketing Sba Essay

This study seeks to investigate the marketing strategy of Kenlee’s & Company Cereal Limited (KCCL). This successful cereal producer prides itself on having a quality product and a policy of putting customer satisfaction first. The importance of the marketing mix, market research, competitors, substitutes and customer satisfaction all impact on the strategy adopted by KCCL. The impact of branding and the various choices available to the marketing department will be discussed and the Ethical responsibility KCCL owes to its customers will be highlighted. Description of the Business Kenlee Cereal & Company Limited (KCCL) was founded in 1987 as a privately owned family business. The company is involved in the production and marketing of cereals. In1997 it took on a partner to provide more capital. It is also a limited liability business. This medium sized company employs 50 persons. It is financed by loans, personal savings and investments through its partnership with its local business partner Erica’s Country Styled Honey Roasted Peanuts. KCCL is located off the Sir Solomon Hochoy Highway close to the Presal fly-over. It plans to become the leading exporter of cereals in the Caribbean and thereafter the international market. Organization of the Marketing Department Organization of the Marketing Department Marketing Manager: – The Marketing Manager is responsible for the cereal marketing and also the profit and loss of his department. Advertising Manager:- The Advertising Manager oversees the whole process of advertising for KCCL. The process begins from market research and finally leading to the actual sales. Advertising at KCCL is based on the image the company seeks to portray. In this case, the company is concerned about producing a cheap, quality, nutritious and tasty product. Sales Manager:- Sales Managers are responsible for sales. Their role involves organizing, motivating and leading sales teams. They are responsible for the combined performance of the team. At KCCL, Sales Managers are responsible for: †¢Recruiting and training sales staff †¢Supervising, motivating and monitoring team performance †¢Allocating areas to sales executives †¢Setting budgets/targets †¢Liaising with customers which includes actual selling (Wholesalers, Retailers) †¢Keeping abreast of what competitors are doing Market Research Customers differ on many dimensions- taste, needs, and expectations. Managers therefore need to ensure that their product satisfies these tastes. Market research is therefore very important to reveal customer needs. Before this can be done the potential customers had to be identified. This is done by either: †¢Targeting the whole population †¢Segmentation (geographical, behavioral or demographics) †¢Niche marketing KCCL has chosen to target the whole population. At the company’s recent launch of its new product. KCCL chose to segment themarket using demographics to identify its customers. Characteristics such as age,income, occupation or education can be used to divide the population. In theintroduction of its new Granola Bar, age was used to identify the target population.The age groups were: †¢3-14years †¢15-35years †¢36 and older The marketing manager identified the needs of these groups with respect to their nutritional needs. The (3-14years) group indicated that these persons  needed proper nutrition in order to promote healthy growth and development. The (15-35 years), included students and persons â€Å"on the go†.The (36years and over), were persons who did not need to eat as much. This group’s mainconcern was focused on the maintenance of their health. The study of these segments identified a market for a nutritious meal-Kenlee’s Crunchy Bar was the result. Price Price is an important aspect of the marketing mix which must be considered. The price a product is sold at is dependent on the following:- †¢The pricing objective the firm sets for itself †¢The demand for the product †¢Cost incurred in production, marketing and distribution The product characteristics Pricing is very competitive as there are four other similar companies with whom KCCL has to compete with. KCCl’s prices are based on cost plus mark up. KCCL has chosen a Market leadership objective. The aim is to increase their share of the market. Competitors The market is very competitive. There are four major companies that sell the same products. See pie chart which shows the percentage of the market held by these cerealmanufacturers. Substitutes Substitutes are a threat to any company. This occurs if there is in existence products thatcan replace it. There needs to be qualities that the product exhibits that identifies it fromothers, if possible. Sales Forecast The following table shows a sales forecast for KCCLs products. This was based onhistorical records of sales for the past five years. ProductUnits/Mth (000)Retail Price ($ per unit) Cereal1000$2.00 K Flakes200$2.50 Wheat Thins1500$15.25 Coco Flakes100$13.50 Branding and Packaging The Cereals produced are branded under the name KCCL and it is a well known brand.The product carries a distinctive red and white logo of the company. Branding is veryimportant because it allows consumers to identify the product of a particular manufacturer. Branding issues include: †¢Brand name selection †¢Brand name extension †¢Brand sponsor KCCL’s launch of its new product, Kenlee’s Crunchy Bar was under its present brandname. This name has been established in the minds of consumers as a quality cereal. Ithas therefore chosen a line extension strategy since its product has similar features to its present products. KCCL packages its products using attractive foil packaging. The packaging carries thecompany’s colors for immediate identification. The colors used for the logo are the colorsof the nation flag of Trinidad and Tobago.Information given on the packaging includes: †¢Nutritional information †¢Ingredient †¢Expiry date KCCL ’s Price Strategy Their strategy is to to have market-share leadership to ensure its continued survival andexistence. It has chosen to sell its products at the lowest possible price in order to capturea large share of the market. Place The method by which the product gets to the consumers is called channels of distribution.KCCL has a fleet of vehicles to transport its products. It also subcontracts delivery invery far geographical areas. Many small retailers buy directly from the centrally locatedoffice. Delivery is made twice weekly by boat to Tobago. Promotion Mix Kenlee Cereal & Company Limited (KCCL) advertises it products by the use of print,radio and television. In-store displays are sponcered by local businesses. The selling of KCCL’s products are carried out through, sales meetings, sales presentations and incentive programs. KCCL products are promoted by the use of coupons and product samples. It also promotes its products through contests. Government Regulations The Bureau of Standards sets the standards in Trinidad and Tobago in terms of qualityand workmanship of products. Some standards include: †¢Products must be labelled †¢All ingredients identified †¢The value added tax (VAT) must be included in labelling of the price †¢Information must also be written in English Technology KCCL uses high mechanization which reduces costs. All machinery used by KCCL isvery efficient and this increases productivity of the company. Record keeping iscomputerized. Consumer Complaints KCCL has two consumer complaint offices; one is located at its head quarters and the other in Tobago. KCCL addresses all complaints and has a three day response policy. Ethical Issues †¢Ingredients stated on the labeling and advertising of products is accurate and not misleading †¢Correct declaration of sales for taxation. †¢Proper disposal of waste †¢Money laundering to hide illegal business transactions KCCL has maintained its motto of having good legal and ethical business standards Conclusion Key to success of Kenlee’s & Company Cereal Limited are: 1.Quality products. 2.Good customer service. 3.Good distribution channel. 4.High ethical and business standards.

Importance of Selection of Sales People Essay

Sales people are the front line of many businesses in the sales division. If a business has a shop front where customers come and have to inquire about potential purchases, current purchases or prior purchases then more often than not a salesperson is their first port of call. While it may appear that technology and self service are up and coming replacements for salespeople there is still definitely reason to employ qualified staff. It is for this reason that the recruitment and selection process is an important part of any business when hiring sales people. Selecting the wrong people for the job can result in problems such as staff turnover issues, customer complaints, costs associated with rehiring and even longer term issues such as a company suffering from disrepute. Recruitment can be defined as the process of finding potential job applicants, telling them about the company and getting them to apply (Hair et al. 2009). Essentially this process should not just narrow applicants down to potential employees, but be narrowing the applicants down to potentially good employees. Hair et al. 2009) also notes that the entire sales division ultimately depends on a successful recruiting approach. In essence there are five steps in the recruitment process: 1. Conduct a job analysis * A process identifying the duties, requirements, responsibilities, and conditions a job. 2. Prepare a job description * Explains to job applicants and current sales personnel what the duties and responsibilities of the sales position are. 3. Identify sales job qualifications * Characteristics recruits should have to perform a sales job satisfactorily. . Attract a pool of sales recruits 5. (Hair et al. 2009) (Hair et al. 2009) Select the best recruits A particular field where recruitment and selection of salespeople is of exacting importance is that of minority consumers. The article Advertising and recruiting: Marketing to minorities (Perkins, Thomas, and Taylor 2000) did research in America with specific reference to college males of mixed race and their perceptions of specific recruitment techniques when entering into a sales role. The article makes particular reference to the fact that as a response to growing diversity, increasing multiculturalism, and a need to understand minority consumers means that minority professionals in the recruitment sections of workplace is of exceeding importance (Perkins, Thomas, and Taylor 2000). By the introduction of minority professionals, it means that there can be a focus particularly on directing sales at minority consumers as the professionals are specifically selected for their experience. As a result this mitigates further problems for a business as they have gone through particular selection criteria ensuring that they aren’t the wrong person for the job. In particular for marketing to minorities by making the mistake of picking the wrong sales person could mean that a business potentially loses a whole minority market segment. With the rise in companies turning to the internet to make sales and it means that the customers they do have in store they want to also have an easy and worthwhile experience. In this regard it makes sense that recruiting more experienced or â€Å"the right† people for the job is of great concern to a business. Burke (2002) talks about how there has come to be certain expectations from consumers as to what they want to experience in store as well as online when shopping. The article goes on to say while consumers have become quite content to use online services, it is quite often the quality of service in store and lack of information that drives them towards other technology based alternatives, most often the internet (Burke 2002). Therefore it makes sense that during the recruitment process that employers seek to employ the best sales people they can. If a business wishes to retain in-store customers they would want to have employees that they are confident that customers can turn to and seek advice without having the employee themselves having to go and ask someone else. Another major reason for having recruitment processes based on employing the best sales people is in regard to the older generations. As much as companies are insistent on ensuring consumers that their technological advancements are making it easier, it is often the older generations which are less willing to adapt these innovations (Berry 2011). This means that these generations are more reliant on in store sales methods and dealing with sales people face to face. In an article by Peter Schulman also talks about how employing the â€Å"best† people is not always the result of how talented an individual may be, but often a result of how optimistic an employee chooses to be (Schulman 1999). The article goes on to specify how when recruiters go through the selection process the applicants being chosen for a sales position are applicants that have the desire to succeed. The reason being that while 20 percent of the sales force were garnering 80 percent of sales in 1999 (Schulman 1999) is because a sales persons belief that being persistent is the best way to overcome obstacles and setbacks. The side of this that can be more detrimental to a company is by selecting the wrong person in regard to their own personal morale and self motivation. A sales person who, for example, is unsuccessful in making a sale and instead of taking it in their stride and moving forward can almost result in a snowball type effect. Schulman’s (1999) explanation of this is that as a sales person becomes ever so slightly self-depreciating it can adversely affect their subsequent sales as they start to lose motivation almost in an exponential fashion. In the recruitment process then it is imperative that recruiters are able to distinguish between optimistic and pessimistic applicants. It is vital that a company has solid selection criteria. While it has been established that the best employees can often be selected based on how talented they are, the recruitment process is ultimately designed to establish what constitutes an employee as being a desirable candidate. By managing to select the sales people that recruiters feel are most suited for a job can result in a more productive sales division. As mentioned minority groups being marketed to require very specific selection to be successful as this is a field where incorrect recruitment can mean the loss of an entire segment. The elderly generation again is a segment that can require a specific skill set of the sales person. By making sure employees are actively engaging with customers and willing to help it can be a much more effective sales technique which can result in increased sales and recurring customers. Finally these two factors held in conjunction with selecting applicants that can be regarded to be optimistic rather than pessimistic can effectively result in a powerful work force in the regard to sales people. Going against such factors and resultantly hiring an applicant that can be considered the wrong person for the job would undoubtedly result in not only short term effects for the sales of a business but also has the potential to have long term effects further down the line which may be harder to resolve.